JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON, Texas -- (JSC2002E5323) -- Official portrait of astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist.

STS087-308-023 (19 November – 5 December 1997) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, monitors the Extravehicular Activity (EVA) of fellow astronauts Winston E. Scott and Takao Doi from her temporary station on the Space Shuttle Columbia’s aft flight deck. Chawla controlled Columbia's Remote Manipulator System (RMS) at this station. Chawla (from her in-cabin post), Doi and Scott shared duties in two separate sessions of EVA during the 16-day United States Microgravity Payload (USMP) mission.

STS087-332-010 (19 November – 5 December 1997) --- Astronaut Kevin R. Kregel doesn't bother to "break" for coffee as he enjoys a serving while sharing work at the Space Shuttle Columbia's microgravity glove box with astronaut Kalpana Chawla. The glove box's (right edge of frame) proximity to the galley (partially obscured behind the mission commander) makes the time economy measure an easy task for the three-time space veteran. Chawla, mission specialist, is making her initial space flight.

STS087-357-019 (19 November - 5 December 1997) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, operates Columbia's Remote Manipulator System (RMS) on the aft flight deck during operations with the Spartan 201 satellite. Chawla joined four other astronauts and a Ukrainian payload specialist for 16-days of research in Earth-orbit in support of the United States Microgravity Payload 4 (USMP-4) mission.

STS107-E-05018 (17 January 2003) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla (foreground) and Laurel B. Clark, STS-107 mission specialists, work in the SPACEHAB Research Double Module aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia.

STS107-E-05001 (17 January 2003) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, STS-107 mission specialist, is pictured on the flight deck of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Columbia.

STS107-E-05010 (17 January 2003) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, STS-107 mission specialist, works in the SPACEHAB Research Double Module aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia.

STS087-357-022 (19 November – 5 December 1997) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, operates the Space Shuttle Columbia's Remote Manipulator System (RMS) on the aft flight deck during operations with the Spartan 201 satellite. Kalpana Chawla joined four other astronauts and a Ukrainian payload specialist for 16-days of research in Earth-orbit in support of the United States Microgravity Payload 4 (USMP-4) mission. The light blue and white colors associated with the crew's nearby home planet are visible in the overhead window.

STS087-338-003 (19 November - 5 December 1997) --- Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, aims a 70mm camera through the Space Shuttle Columbia's overhead window. Crew members used the camera for the ongoing Earth observations project but they used it as well to document operations with the Spartan-201 satellite and the two Extravehicular Activities (EVA) performed by astronauts Winston E. Scott and Takao Doi.

Five astronauts and a payload specialist take a break from training at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) to pose for the STS-87 crew portrait. Wearing the orange partial pressure launch and entry suits, from the left, are Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist; Steven W. Lindsey, pilot; Kevin R. Kregel, mission commander; and Leonid K. Kadenyuk, Ukrainian payload specialist. Wearing the white Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suits are mission specialists Winston E. Scott (left) and Takao Doi (right). Doi represents Japan’s National Space Development Agency (NASDA). The STS-87 mission launched aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia on November 19, 1997. The primary payload for the mission was the U.S. Microgravity Payload-4 (USMP-4).

Attired in a training version of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit, astronaut and mission specialist Kalpana Chawla, prepares to go underwater in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near Johnson Space Center. This particular training was in preparation for the STS-87 mission. The Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-87) was the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload (USMP-4) and Spartan-201 satellite, both managed by scientists and engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center.

Astronaut and mission specialist Kalpana Chawla, receives assistance in donning a training version of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit, prior to an underwater training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) near Johnson Space Center. This particular training was in preparation for the STS-87 mission. The Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-87) was the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload (USMP-4) and Spartan-201 satellite, both managed by scientists and engineers from the Marshall Space Flight Center.

STS087-334-023 (19 November – 5 December 1997) --- On the Space Shuttle Columbia's middeck, astronauts Steven W. Lindsey, pilot, and Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, check on an experiment in the middeck glove box. The two were joined by three other astronauts and a Ukrainian payload specialist for 16-days in Earth-orbit in support of the United States Microgravity Payload 4 (USMP-4) mission.

Astronaut Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist.

STS-87 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D., sits in her launch and entry suit in the Operations and Checkout Building before she and the five other crew members of STS-87 depart for Launch Pad 39B. There, the Space Shuttle Columbia awaits liftoff on a 16-day mission to perform microgravity and solar research. Born in Karnal, India, Dr. Chawla received her doctorate of philosophy in aerospace engineering from the University of Colorado in 1988. This is Chawla’s first mission for NASA

STS-87 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D., is assisted with her ascent and re-entry flight suit in the white room at Launch Pad 39B by Danny Wyatt, NASA quality assurance specialist. Kneeing before Dr. Chawla to assist her is George Schram, USA mechanical technician, as Dr. Chawla prepares to enter the Space Shuttle orbiter Columbia on launch day. STS-87 is the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and Spartan-201

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- NASA Associate Administrator for Space Flight William F. Readdy addresses the family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for the dedication ceremony of the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries gather for the dedication ceremony of the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - A plaque dedicating the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla., is unveiled at a ceremony attended by family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gather for the dedication ceremony of the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries attending the Columbia Village dedication ceremony at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla., enjoy a rendition of "God Bless America" by the university's Players in Harmony. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries gather for the dedication ceremony of the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries attending the Columbia Village dedication ceremony at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla., stand for the posting of the colors by members of the university's ROTC. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Members of the STS-107 crew check out equipment at SPACEHAB. Beginning in the center are Mission Specialists Michael Anderson and Laurel Clark; at far right are Ilan Ramon, from Israel, and Kalpana Chawla. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

iss063e103888 (Oct. 5, 2020) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 63 Commander Chris Cassidy is pictured inside the Northrop Grumman Cygnus space freighter named the S.S. Kalpana Chawla after the first female astronaut of Indian descent who also perished on the ill-fated STS-107 mission aboard Space Shuttle Columbia.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 Mission Specialist Laurel Clark gets hands-on experience with equipment that will be on the mission. Watching in the left foreground is Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla; next to her at left is Mission Specialist Michael Anderson. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Members of the STS-107 crew check out equipment at SPACEHAB. Beginning in the center are Mission Specialists Michael Anderson and Laurel Clark; at far right are Ilan Ramon, from Israel, and Kalpana Chawla. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 Mission Specialist Laurel Clark gets hands-on experience with equipment that will be on the mission. Watching in the left foreground is Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla; next to her at left is Mission Specialist Michael Anderson. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- During Crew Equipment Interface Test activities, the STS-107 crew looks at flight equipment in the Orbiter Processing Facility. Seen left to right are Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon, who is with the Israeli Space Agency, Mission Specialists David Brown and Kalpana Chawla, Commander Rick Husband and Pilot William "Willie" McCool. Behind Chawla is Payload Commander Michael Anderson. STS-107 is a research mission, with the SHI Research Double Module (SHI/RDM), also known as SPACEHAB, as the primary payload, plus the Fast Reaction Experiments Enabling Science, Technology, Applications and Research (FREESTAR) that incorporates eight high priority secondary attached shuttle experiments. STS-107 is scheduled to launch July 19, 2002

Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D., a mission specialist of the STS-87 crew, participates in a news briefing at Launch Pad 39B during the Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). First-time Shuttle flier Dr. Chawla reported for training as an astronaut at Johnson Space Center in 1995. She has a doctorate in aerospace engineering from the University of Colorado. The TCDT is held at KSC prior to each Space Shuttle flight providing the crew of each mission opportunities to participate in simulated countdown activities. The TCDT ends with a mock launch countdown culminating in a simulated main engine cut-off. The crew also spends time undergoing emergency egress training exercises at the pad and has an opportunity to view and inspect the payloads in the orbiter's payload bay. STS-87 is scheduled for launch Nov. 19 aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia from pad 39B at KSC

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries attend a dedication ceremony at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. During this solemn event, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA T-38 jets fly over the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in the Missing Man Formation. During this dedication ceremony, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Dr. Anthony J. Catanese, president of the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla., delivers the opening remarks at the university's Columbia Village dedication ceremony. The event is attended by family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Sandra Anderson, wife of STS-107 Payload Commander Michael Anderson, visits a new residence hall at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) in Melbourne, Fla., named for her late husband. Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for a dedication ceremony for the Columbia Village at FIT. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Rona Ramon, wife of STS-107 Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon, visits a new residence hall at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) in Melbourne, Fla., named for her late husband. Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for a dedication ceremony for the Columbia Village at FIT. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Dr. Jonathan Clark (right), husband of STS-107 Mission Specialist Laurel Clark, and their son (left) visit a new residence hall at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) in Melbourne, Fla., named for his late wife. Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for a dedication ceremony for the Columbia Village at FIT. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries attend a dedication ceremony at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. During this solemn event, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - A ceremonial wreath is placed at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. During this dedication ceremony, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Evelyn Husband, wife of STS-107 Commander Rick Husband, visits a new residence hall at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) in Melbourne, Fla., named for her late husband. Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for a dedication ceremony for the Columbia Village at FIT. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Dr. Jonathan Clark, husband of STS-107 astronaut Laurel Clark, addresses the family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for the dedication ceremony of the Columbia Village at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Lani McCool (back row, left), wife of STS-107 Pilot Willie McCool, accompanied by their children and other family members, visits a new residence hall at the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) in Melbourne, Fla., named for her late husband. Family members of the STS-107 astronauts, other dignitaries, members of the university community and the public gathered for a dedication ceremony for the Columbia Village at FIT. Each of the seven new residence halls in the complex is named for one of the STS-107 astronauts who perished during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - A ceremonial wreath is placed at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. During this dedication ceremony, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries attend a dedication ceremony at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. During this solemn event, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program. The "Space Mirror," 42 1/2 feet high by 50 feet wide, illuminates the names of the fallen astronauts cut through the monument's black granite surface.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Family members of the STS-107 astronauts and other dignitaries watch NASA T-38 jets fly over the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in a Missing Man Formation. During this dedication ceremony, the names of the STS-107 astronauts who lost their lives during the Columbia accident -- Rick Husband, Willie McCool, Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Ilan Ramon -- join the names of 17 other space heroes who gave their lives for the U.S. space program.

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON, Texas -- (JSC-STS107-5-002) -- The seven STS-107 crew members take a break from their training regimen to pose for the traditional crew portrait. Seated in front are astronauts Rick D. Husband (left), mission commander, and William C. McCool, pilot. Standing are (from left) astronauts David M. Brown, Laurel B. Clark, Kalpana Chawla and Michael P. Anderson, all mission specialists; and Ilan Ramon, payload specialist representing the Israeli Space Agency.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- After their arrival at KSC, STS-107 Payload Commander Michael Anderson and Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla head to crew quarters. They and the rest of the crew are at KSC to take part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include a simulated launch countdown. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is scheduled for Jan. 16, 2003.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla takes a break during training on the operation of an M113 armored personnel carrier during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, a standard part of launch preparations. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members refer to documentation while Mission Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel points to data on a laptop screen. Gathered around Ramon are (left to right) Mission Specialists Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown and Kalpana Chawla (back to camera). Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members check out equipment for their mission. At the far left are Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and Ilan Ramon, who is from Israel. At center, handling the equipment, are Mission Specialists David Brown and Michael Anderson. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members check out equipment for their mission. At the far left are Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and Ilan Ramon, who is from Israel. At center, handling the equipment, are Mission Specialists David Brown and Michael Anderson. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- - During Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities at the launch pad, Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and Ilan Ramon pause for a photo. Behind them is Space Shuttle Columbia. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members refer to documentation while Mission Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel points to data on a laptop screen. Gathered around Ramon are (left to right) Mission Specialists Laurel Clark, Michael Anderson, David Brown and Kalpana Chawla (back to camera). Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members become acquainted with equipment that will be on the mission. From left are Mission Specialists David Brown, Ilan Ramon (from Israel), Michael Anderson and Kalpana Chawla; seated in front is Mission Specialist Laurel Clark. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla is shown during the crew's Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities on Launch Pad 39A. The TCDT also includes a simulated launch countdown. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla is helped suiting up for Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include a simulated launch countdown at the pad. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 crew members check out equipment at SPACEHAB that will be part of their mission. In the background center can be seen Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and David Brown. At right are Mission Specialists Ilan Ramon and Laurel Clark. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At SPACEHAB, STS-107 crew members become acquainted with equipment that will be on the mission. From left are Mission Specialists David Brown, Ilan Ramon (from Israel), Michael Anderson and Kalpana Chawla; seated in front is Mission Specialist Laurel Clark. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla is helped suiting up for Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include a simulated launch countdown at the pad. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

STS087-307-002 (19 November - 5 December 1997) --- On the Space Shuttle Columbia's middeck, the crewmembers for the mission pose for the traditional in-flight portrait. In front, left to right, are astronauts Steven W. Lindsey, pilot; Takao Doi, mission specialist representing Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA); and Winston E. Scott, mission specialist. In back are, from the left, astronauts Kevin R. Kregel, commander; and Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist; along with payload specialist Leonid Kadenyuk.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 crew members check out equipment at SPACEHAB that will be part of their mission. In the background center can be seen Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and David Brown. At right are Mission Specialists Ilan Ramon and Laurel Clark. Identified as a research mission, STS-107 is scheduled for launch July 19, 2001

STS-87 Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine arrives at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet for the final prelaunch activities leading up to the scheduled Nov. 19 liftoff. The other STS-87 crew members are Commander Kevin Kregel; Pilot Steven Lindsey; and Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.; Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan; and Winston Scott. STS-87 will be the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and the Spartan-201 deployable satellite

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Commander Rick Husband arrives at KSC to take part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include a simulated launch countdown. Other crew members are Pilot William "Willie" McCool Payload Commander Michael Anderson, Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, David Brown, Laurel Clark and Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon (the first Israeli astronaut). STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is scheduled for Jan. 16, 2003.

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

STS-87 Pilot Steven Lindsey arrives at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet for the final prelaunch activities leading up to the scheduled Nov. 19 liftoff. The other STS-87 crew members are Commander Kevin Kregel; Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.; Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan; and Winston Scott; and Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine. STS-87 will be the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and the Spartan-201 deployable satellite

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Thursday, October 1, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver nearly 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 9:38 p.m., Thursday, October 1, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

STS-87 astronaut crew members participate in the Crew Equipment Integration Test (CEIT) in Kennedy Space Center’s (KSC's) Vertical Processing Facility. From left are Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.; Pilot Steven Lindsey; Mission Specialist Takao Doi , Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan; and Mission Specialist Winston Scott. The CEIT gives astronauts an opportunity to get a hands-on look at the payloads with which they will be working onorbit. STS-87 will be the fourth United States Microgravity Payload and flight of the Spartan-201 deployable satellite. During the STS-87 mission, scheduled for a Nov. 19 liftoff from KSC, Dr. Doi and Scott will both perform spacewalks

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- As part of In-Flight Maintenance training, members of the STS-107 crew check out one of the Biotube experiments that will be part of their research mission. From left (in uniform) are Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel, Mission Specialists David M. Brown and Kalpana Chawla, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool (crouching behind the table), Commander Rick D. Husband, and Mission Specialist Laurel Clark. STS-107 will carry the SPACEHAB Double Module in its first research flight into space and a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- As part of In-Flight Maintenance training at SPACEHAB, in Cape Canaveral, Fla., the STS-107 crew learns about Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) experiments that will be on their mission. From left are Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool, Roberteen McCray of Bionetics, Commander Rick D. Husband, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel, and Mission Specialists David M. Brown and Michael Anderson. At right is Debbie Wells of Bionetics. Not seen is Mission Specialist Laurel Clark. STS-107 will carry a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

As STS-87 Commander Kevin Kregel looks on, Mission Specialist Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan addresses members of the press and media at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility after arriving for the final prelaunch activities leading up to the scheduled Nov. 19 liftoff. Other STS-87 crew members not pictured are Pilot Steven Lindsey; Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D., and Winston Scott; and Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine. STS-87 will be the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and the Spartan-201 deployable satellite

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is raised into the vertical position on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Commander Rick Husband operates an M113 armored personnel carrier during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, a standard part of launch preparations. From left, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon, the first Israeli astronaut, Instructor George Hoggard, and Mission Specialists Laurel Clark (face obscured) and Kalpana Chawla enjoy the ride in the background. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia.

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- During emergency egress training, part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities at the pad, STS-107 Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and David Brown share a slidewire basket. The TCDT also includes a simulated launch countdown. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla puts on her helmet during suit check, part of launch preparations. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. The payload on Space Shuttle Columbia includes FREESTAR (Fast Reaction Experiments Enabling Science, Technology, Applications and Research) and the SHI Research Double Module (SHI/RDM), known as SPACEHAB. Experiments on the module range from material sciences to life sciences. Launch is scheduled for Jan. 16, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Taking part in In-Flight Maintenance training, the STS-107 crew poses in front of the SPACEHAB Double Module. In back are Mission Specialist Laurel Clark, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel, and Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla; in front are Mission Specialist David M. Brown, Commander Rick D. Husband, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool (behind) and Mission Specialist Michael Anderson. As a research mission, STS-107 will carry the SPACEHAB Double Module in its first research flight into space and a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-107 crew members check out equipment in the SHI Research Double Module (SHI/RDM), part of the payload on the mission. Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla (left) holds a data manual while Mission Specialist David Brown stretches out on the floor to get a closer look. The crew is taking part in Crew Equipment Interface Test activities, which include equipment and payload familiarization. A research mission, STS-107 also will carry the Fast Reaction Experiments Enabling Science, Technology, Applications and Research (FREESTAR) that incorporates eight high priority secondary attached shuttle experiments. STS-107 is scheduled to launch July 19, 2002

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The STS-107 crew takes part in In-Flight Maintenance training, learning more about experiments that will be part of the mission. Seated in front (left to right) are Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel; Commander Rick D. Husband; Mission Specialist Laurel Clark; and Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool; in back are Mission Specialists David M. Brown and Michael Anderson. As a research mission, STS-107 will carry the SPACEHAB Double Module in its first research flight into space and a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

STS087-307-006 (19 November – 5 December 1997) --- One of the crew members' traditional in-flight crew portraits has them posed in other-than traditional attire on the Space Shuttle Columbia's mid-deck. On the front row, from the left, are astronauts Steven W. Lindsey, pilot; Takao Doi, an international mission specialist representing Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA); and Winston E. Scott, mission specialist. In the back are astronauts Kevin R. Kregel, mission commander; and Kalpana Chawla, mission specialist, along with Ukrainian payload specialist Leonid K. Kadenyuk.

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Thursday, October 1, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver nearly 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 9:38 p.m., Thursday, October 1, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020, EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- As part of In-Flight Maintenance training at SPACEHAB, in Cape Canaveral, Fla., members of the STS-107 crew learn about Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) experiments that will be on their mission. From left are Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool, Mission Specialists Laurel Clark and Michael Anderson, Roberteen McCray of Bionetics, Commander Rick D. Husband,; Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel and Mission Specialist David M. Brown. STS-107 will carry a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

STS-87 Commander Kevin Kregel addresses members of the press and media at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility after arriving for the final prelaunch activities leading up to the scheduled Nov. 19 liftoff. The STS-87 crew members are, from left to right, Mission Specialists Winston Scott and Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan; Commander Kevin Kregel; Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine; Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.; and Pilot Steven Lindsey. STS-87 will be the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and the Spartan-201 deployable satellite

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Taking part in In-Flight Maintenance training, the STS-107 crew poses in front of the SPACEHAB Double Module. In back are Mission Specialist Laurel Clark, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel, and Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla; in front are Mission Specialist David M. Brown, Commander Rick D. Husband, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool (behind) and Mission Specialist Michael Anderson. As a research mission, STS-107 will carry the SPACEHAB Double Module in its first research flight into space and a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla looks at equipment inside the SHI Research Double Module (SHI/RDM), part of the payload on the mission. The crew is taking part in Crew Equipment Interface Test activities, which include equipment and payload familiarization. A research mission, STS-107 also will carry the Fast Reaction Experiments Enabling Science, Technology, Applications and Research (FREESTAR) that incorporates eight high priority secondary attached shuttle experiments. STS-107 is scheduled to launch July 19, 2002

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Thursday, October 1, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia as the Harvest Moon sets. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver nearly 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 9:38 p.m., Thursday, October 1, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - STS-107 Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon (left) and Mission Specialist David Brown (right) are ready to head for crew quarters after arriving at KSC. The crew is taking part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include a simulated launch countdown. Other crew members are Commander Rick Husband, Pilot William "Willie" McCool, Payload Commander Michael Anderson, and Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and Laurel Clark. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is scheduled for Jan. 16, 2003.

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is raised into the vertical position on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kalpana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

STS-87 Commander Kevin Kregel arrives at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility aboard a T-38 jet for the final prelaunch activities leading up to the scheduled Nov. 19 liftoff. The other STS-87 crew members are Pilot Steven Lindsey; Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.; Takao Doi, Ph.D., of the National Space Development Agency of Japan; and Winston Scott; and Payload Specialist Leonid Kadenyuk of the National Space Agency of Ukraine. STS-87 will be the fourth flight of the United States Microgravity Payload and the Spartan-201 deployable satellite

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - During Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities on Launch Pad 39A, members of the STS-107 crew check emergency equipment. From left are Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon (the first Israeli astronaut), Pilot William "Willie" McCool and Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla. The TCDT also includes a simulated launch countdown. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia. .

A Northrop Grumman Antares rocket carrying a Cygnus resupply spacecraft is seen as it is rolled out of the Horizontal Integration Facility to the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport’s Pad-0A, Saturday, September 26, 2020, at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Northrop Grumman’s 14th contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver about 8,000 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. The CRS-14 Cygnus spacecraft is named after the first female astronaut of Indian descent, Kaplana Chawla, and is scheduled to launch at 10:27 p.m., Tuesday, September 29, 2020 EDT. Photo Credit: (NASA/Patrick Black)

As part of In-Flight Maintenance training at SPACEHAB, in Cape Canaveral, Fla., members of the STS-107 crew learn about Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) experiments that will be on their mission. Gathered around the table are (from left) Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla, Pilot William C. “Willie” McCool, Mission Specialists Laurel Clark and Michael Anderson, Roberteen McCray of Bionetics, Commander Rick D. Husband, Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon of Israel and Mission Specialist David M. Brown. STS-107 will carry a broad collection of experiments ranging from material science to life science. It is scheduled to launch July 19, 2001