Expedition 65 Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy gives a virtual hug as he departs the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up with Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov waves as he departs the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up with Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Alexey Zubritskiy interact with family and friends as they prepare depart the Cosmonaut Hotel along with Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Roscosmos cosmonaut Alexey Ovchinin waves from a bus as he and fellow crew mates, Roscosmos cosmonaut Ivan Vagner, and NASA astronaut Don Pettit, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Pettit, Ovchinin, and Vagner on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Don Pettit, left, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Ivan Vagner, right, wave from a bus as they and fellow crew mate, Roscosmos cosmonaut Alexey Ovchinin, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Pettit, Ovchinin, and Vagner on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov waves farewell, as he and fellow crewmembers, Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergei Mikaev, and NASA astronaut Chris Williams, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergei Mikaev waves farewell, as he and fellow crewmembers, Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and NASA astronaut Chris Williams, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei waves as he departs the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy and Pyotr Dubrov for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei waves as he departs the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy and Pyotr Dubrov for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko, center, and Nikolai Chub depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, Sept. 15, 2023, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara and Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 NASA astronaut Kate Rubins waves as she departs the Cosmonaut Hotel with fellow crewmates Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2020, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft with Ryzhikov, Kud-Sverchkov, and Rubins occurred at 1:45 a.m. EDT to begin their six-month mission onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 61 crewmember Jessica Meir of NASA waves farewell as she, Expedition 61 cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates depart the Cosmonaut Hotel ahead of their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Meir, Skripochka, and Almansoori will launch on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Don Pettit puts his hand up to the bus window and his family reaches back to him, as he and fellow crew mates, Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin, and Ivan Vagner, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Pettit, Ovchinin, and Vagner on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim is seen inside the bus as he and fellow Expedition73 crewmates Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy prepare to depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Pavel Shvets)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, are seen as they walk out of the Cosmonaut Hotel as they prepare to head to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, are seen as they walk out of the Cosmonaut Hotel as they prepare to head to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, are seen as they walk out of the Cosmonaut Hotel as they prepare to head to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to head to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim waves as he prepares to depart the Cosmonaut Hotel with fellow crewmates Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 61 crewmember Jessica Meir of NASA waves farewell to her mother as she, Expedition 61 cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates depart the Cosmonaut Hotel ahead of their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Meir, Skripochka, and Almansoori will launch on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams puts his hands to the glass of the bus with his children, as he and fellow crewmembers, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The bus carrying Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, departs the Cosmonaut Hotel to building 254 for the trio to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy, center, and Pyotr Dubrov wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy, center, and Pyotr Dubrov wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Cosmonaut Anna Kikina looks on while wearing a SpaceX launch and entry suit during a training in Hawthorne, California before her launch as part of NASA's SpaceX Crew-5 mission to the International Space Station.

Family, friends, colleagues and media, say farewell to Expedition 61 crewmembers Jessica Meir of NASA and Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos, and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel ahead of their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Meir, Skripochka, and Almansoori will launch on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, and Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, right, of Roscosmos, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2020, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft with Ryzhikov, Kud-Sverchkov, and Rubins occurred at 1:45 a.m. EDT to begin their six-month mission onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Zubritskiy and Sergey Ryzhikov, right, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 72 crew members: NASA astronaut Don Pettit, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin, and Ivan Vagner, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Pettit, Ovchinin, and Vagner on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 68 astronaut Frank Rubio of NASA, left, and cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 21, 2022, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Rubio, Prokopyev and Petelin launched on their Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft later in the day from the Baikonur Cosmodrome for a mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy , left, Pyotr Dubrov, center, and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Later that same day the crew launched in their Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritskiy, right, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 72 crew members: NASA astronaut Don Pettit, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin, and Ivan Vagner, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Pettit, Ovchinin, and Vagner on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

Expedition 64 NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, and Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, center, and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, right, of Roscosmos, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2020, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft with Ryzhikov, Kud-Sverchkov, and Rubins occurred at 1:45 a.m. EDT to begin their six-month mission onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov, left, and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, center, of Roscosmos, and NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Oct. 14, 2020, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft with Ryzhikov, Kud-Sverchkov, Rubins occurred at 1:45 a.m. EDT to begin their six-month mission onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonaut \Alexey Zubritskiy, center, place an Expedition 73 sticker on the wall of the bus taking them to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station along with Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Pavel Shvets)

Expedition 68 cosmonaut Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos, left, Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos, and Frank Rubio of NASA, right, give a thumbs up as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 21, 2022, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Rubio, Prokopyev and Petelin launched on their Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft later in the day from the Baikonur Cosmodrome for a mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Zubritskiy and Sergey Ryzhikov, right, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Tuesday, April 8, 2025 (April 7 Eastern Time), in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Kim, Ryzhikov, Zubritskiy on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 68 astronaut Frank Rubio of NASA, left, and cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos, right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 21, 2022, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Rubio, Prokopyev and Petelin launched on their Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft later in the day from the Baikonur Cosmodrome for a mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Novitskiy and Pyotr Dubrov depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, April 9, 2021, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Later that same day the crew launched in their Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergei Mikaev, left, Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and NASA astronaut Chris Williams, right, wave farewell as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergei Mikaev, and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, right, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, right, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergei Mikaev, and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, right, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Williams, Kud-Sverchkov and Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko, center, and Nikolai Chub, along with Expedition 70 backup crewmembers Tracy Dyson of NASA, second row left, and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, Sept. 15, 2023, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara and Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, left, Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko, center, and Nikolai Chub, along with Expedition 70 backup crewmembers Tracy Dyson of NASA, second row left, and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos, depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Friday, Sept. 15, 2023, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. The launch will send Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara and Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates waves farewell as he, Expedition 61 crewmembers Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos and Jessica Meir of NASA depart the Cosmonaut Hotel ahead of their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Meir, Skripochka, and Almansoori will launch on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

S93-27942 (August 1993) --- Cosmonaut Vladimir Titov, payload specialist.

S93-40675 (6 Aug 1993) --- Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev.

Spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates, left, and Expedition 61 crewmembers Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos and Jessica Meir of NASA wave farewell as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel ahead of their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Meir, Skripochka, and Almansoori will launch on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, are seen as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Saturday, July 20, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Saturday, July 20, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Saturday, July 20, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Saturday, July 20, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, wave as they depart the Cosmonaut Hotel to suit-up for their Soyuz launch to the International Space Station, Saturday, July 20, 2019 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

S94-35069 (17 June 1994) --- Crew members for the joint Space Shuttle/Mir missions pose for a team portrait in the midst of a three week training period at the Johnson Space Center (JSC). On the front row are, left to right, astronaut Norman E. Thagard and cosmonauts Vladimir N. Dezhurov and Gennadi M. Strekalov. Back row, left to right, cosmonauts Yuri I. Onufrienko and Anatoly Y. Solovyov, astronaut Bonnie J. Dunbar, cosmonauts Nikolai M. Budarin and Alexander F. Poleshchuk.

S94-34940 (June 1994) --- Vladimir N. Dezhurov, Russian cosmonaut Commander, Mir-18 EDITOR'S NOTE: Early next year, Dezhurov, along with NASA astronaut Norman E. Thagard and another cosmonaut, will be launched into Earth-orbit to spend three months aboard Russia's Mir space station.

jsc2025e074499 (Jan. 16, 2025) --- Roscosmos cosmonaut and Soyuz MS-28 Flight Engineer Sergey Mikaev poses for a portrait in his Sokol launch and entry suit at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC

S94-34939 (Nov 1994) --- Gennadity M. Strekalov, Russian cosmonaut Flight Engineer, Mir-18.

S74-20823 (25 April 1974) --- Cosmonauts Aleksey A. Leonov and Valeriy N. Kubasov

S95-04324 (22 March 1995) --- In keeping with Russian tradition, astronaut Norman E. Thagard (left), guest researcher, signs the diary of the late Yuriy A. Gagarin, the first Russian cosmonaut, as his Mir 18 crew mates look on. Cosmonauts Vladimir N. Dezhurov (center), mission commander, and Gennadiy M. Strkalov, flight engineer, have been training with Thagard in both the United States and Russia for the past several months. It is customary for each crew member about to aboard a Russian spacecraft to sign the diary.

S95-04323 (22 Feb 1995) --- In keeping with Russian tradition, astronaut Norman E. Thagard (seated, left), guest researcher, watches as Vladimir N. Dezhurov (seated, center), signs the diary of the late Yuriy A. Gagarin, the first Russian cosmonaut, as his Mir 18 crew mates and the subsequent Mir crewmembers look on. Cosmonauts Dezhurov, mission commander, and Gennadiy M. Strekalov (seated right, partially obscured), flight engineer, have been training with Thagard in both the United States and Russia for the past several months. Watching are, standing left to right, astronaut Bonnie J. Dunbar, Thagard?s alternate crew member; and cosmonauts Anatoliy Y. Solovyev, Mir 19 mission commander, and Nikolai M. Budarin, flight engineer.

Cosmonaut Vladimir N. Dezhurov (center), Mir 18 mission commander, gets his blood pressure taken by Dr. Michael J. Barrett, flight surgeon. Cosmonaut Anatoliy Y. Solovyev (right), Mir 19 mission commander, looks on. Solovyev, Dezhurov, along with their respective flight engineers and a number of other cosmonauts and astronauts participating in the joint program, were in Houston, Texas, to prepare for their upcoming missions.

S95-04325 (22 March 1995) --- In keeping with Russian tradition, astronaut Bonnie J. Dunbar (left), STS-71 mission specialist, signs the diary of the late Yuriy A. Gagarin, the first Russian cosmonaut, as her STS-71 crew mates look on. Cosmonauts Anatoliy Y. Solovyov (center), Mir 19 mission commander, and Nikiolai M. Budarin, flight engineer, have been training with Dunbar in both the United States and Russia for the past several months. It is customary for each crew member about to aboard a Russian spacecraft to sign the diary. Dunbar has been in Russia training as alternate researcher for the Mir 18 mission.

S94-47050 (28 Oct 1994) --- Crew members for the joint Space Shuttle/Russian Mir Space Station missions assemble for an informal portrait during a break in training in the Systems Integration Facility at the Johnson Space Center (JSC). In front (left to right) are astronaut Bonnie J. Dunbar; cosmonauts Aleksandr F. Poleshchuk, Yuriy I. Onufriyenko, Gennadiy M. Strekalov and Vladimir N. Dezhurov. In the rear are astronaut Gregory J. Harbaugh; cosmonaut Anatoliy Y. Solovyev, and astronauts Charles J. Precourt, Robert L. Gibson, Ellen S. Baker and Norman E. Thagard. In a precedent-setting flight, Thagard will be launched as a guest researcher along with Dezhurov, commander, and Strekalov, flight engineer, to Russia's Mir Space Station early next year for a three month mission, designated as Mir 18. Then in late spring, as the assignment of STS-71, the Space Shuttle Atlantis will rendezvous with Mir to pick up the Mir 18 crew and transfer cosmonauts Solovyov and Nikolai M. Budarin to the station for the Mir 19 mission. STS-71 mission specialist Dunbar is training as Thagard's backup.

Roscosmos cosmonaut Anna Kikina trains for NASA's SpaceX Crew-5 mission to the International Space Station at SpaceX in Hawthorne, California.

S94-34094 (16 June 1994) --- Crewmembers for the joint Space Shuttle/Mir missions meet the press at the Johnson Space Center (JSC). On the dais are, left to right, cosmonauts Nikolai M. Budarin, Anatoly Y. Solovyov, Gennady M. Strekalov and Vladimir N. Dezhurov, and astronauts Bonnie J. Dunbar and Norman E. Thagard. In a precedent-setting flight, Thagard will be launched with Dezhurov and Strekalov to Mir early next year for a three month mission, designated as Mir 18, on Russia's space station. Then in late May, as the assignment of STS-71, the space shuttle Atlantis will rendezvous with Mir to pick up the Mir 18 crew and transfer cosmonauts Solovyov and Budarin to the station for the Mir 19 mission. STS-71 mission specialist Dunbar is training as Thagard's backup.

S94-34938 (27 May 1994) --- Cosmonaut Nikolai M. Budarin, flight engineer.

s94-34935 --- Portrait of Russian cosmonaut and Mir 19 commander Anatoly Solovyev in civilian clothes.

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Thursday, April 4, 2024, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, and Belarus spaceflight participant Marina Vasilevskaya. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Friday, April 18, 2025, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 72 NASA astronaut Don Pettit, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Friday, April 18, 2025, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 72 NASA astronaut Don Pettit, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Thursday, April 4, 2024, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, and Belarus spaceflight participant Marina Vasilevskaya. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Thursday, April 4, 2024, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, and Belarus spaceflight participant Marina Vasilevskaya. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Thursday, April 4, 2024, to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 70 NASA astronaut Loral O'Hara, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy, and Belarus spaceflight participant Marina Vasilevskaya. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 43 NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly walks along the Avenue of the Cosmonauts where two long rows of trees are all marked with the name and year of the crew member who planted them starting from Yuri Gagarin's tree, Friday, March 20, 2015 at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Kelly, and Russian Cosmonauts Gennady Padalka, and Mikhail Kornienko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) are preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Cosmonaut Nikolai M. Budarin, flight engineer for Mir 19, ponders a question from a news media representative. Crew members for two of the joint Space Shuttle/Mir missions met the press at JSC.

Cosmonaut Gennadiy M. Strekalov, flight engineer for the Mir-18 mission, listens to a question from a news media representative. Crew members for two of the joint Space Shuttle/Mir missions met the press at JSC.

Astronaut Norman E. Thagard (right center), a guest researcher on Russia's Mir 18 mission, monitors a test of a subject (out of frame) in the Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) device. Others pictured, left to right, are Todd Schlegel (seated) of the Medical Sciences Division at JSC, unidentified trainer, Linda Barrows of Krug; cosmonaut Vladimir N. Dezhurov, mission commander; cosmonaut Gennadiy M. Strekalov, Thagard and cosmonaut Alexsandr F. Poleshchuk, Mir 18 reserve flight engineer.

Seated in the rear station of a NASA T-38 jet trainer aircraft, Russian Cosmonaut Vladimir Titov prepares to take a familiarization flight.

Seated in the rear station of a NASA T-38 jet trainer aircraft, Russian Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev prepares to take a familiarization flight.

Roscosmos Cosmonaut Anna Kikina smiles during a training inside the Space Vehicle Mockup Facility to prepare for her upcoming journey to the International Space Station as part of NASA's SpaceX Crew-5 mission. Credit: NASA/James Blair

S94-47232 (13 Oct 1994) --- Cosmonaut Yuriy I. Onufriyenko (right), in the United States to participate in training for joint Russia-United States space missions, simulates a parachute drop into water. The training took place in the Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F) because it contains a 25-feet-deep pool. Onufriyenko, a Mir reserve team member, and a number of other cosmonauts and astronauts participating in the joint program were in Houston, Texas to prepare for upcoming missions which involve crewmembers from the two nations.

Cosmonaut Gennadiy M. Strekalov (right), Mir-18 flight engineer, is briefed on medical supplies by Ezra D. Kucharz, medical operations trainer for Krug Life Sciences, Incorporated. Strekalov and a number of other cosmonauts and astronauts participating in joint Russia - United States space missions are in Houston, Texas, to prepare for their upcoming missions.

jsc2025e074498 (Jan. 16, 2025) --- Roscosmos cosmonaut and Soyuz MS-28 Commander Sergey Kud-Sverchkov poses for a portrait in his Sokol launch and entry suit at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC

AST-03-191 (17-19 July 1975) --- Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford and cosmonaut Aleksei A. Leonov are seen at the hatchway leading from the Apollo Docking Module (DM) to the Soyuz Orbital Module (OM) during the joint U.S.-USSR Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) docking mission in Earth orbit. Cosmonaut Leonov is in the OM and astronaut Stafford is in the DM. Leonov holds a camera. The Apollo crew consisted of astronauts Stafford, commander; Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, docking module pilot; Vance D. Brand, command module pilot. The Soyuz 19 crew consisted of cosmonauts Leonov, command pilot; and Valeri N. Kubasov, flight engineer.

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 64 crew members Kate Rubins of NASA, Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos, Thursday, April 15, 2021, at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda. Rubins, Ryzhikov and Kud-Sverchkov will be returning after 185 days in space having served as Expedition 63-64 crew members onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 64 crew members Kate Rubins of NASA, Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos, Thursday, April 15, 2021, at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda. Rubins, Ryzhikov and Kud-Sverchkov will be returning after 185 days in space having served as Expedition 63-64 crew members onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 64 crew members Kate Rubins of NASA, Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos, Thursday, April 15, 2021, at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda. Rubins, Ryzhikov and Kud-Sverchkov will be returning after 185 days in space having served as Expedition 63-64 crew members onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls

S74-28666 (14 Sept. 1974) --- Cosmonaut Aleksey A. Leonov, in one of the lighter moments of activity involving Soviet cosmonauts and American astronauts, joins a belly dancer on stage as several visitors to weekend activity at the site of San Antonio?s HemisFair look on. Leonov is commander of the Soviet Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) crew. A group of cosmonauts is in this country training with American astronauts for the joint U.S.-USSR ASTP rendezvous and docking mission scheduled for the summer of 1975. The Lebanese dancing was just one feature among many during the Texas Folklife Festival, in which members of 26 ethnic groups participated.

S74-20831 (November 1973) --- A group of astronauts and their cosmonaut hosts are photographed sightseeing on Red Square in the heart of Moscow during a tour of the Soviet capital. The Americans were in the USSR to participate in Apollo-Soyuz Test Project familiarization training on the Soyuz systems at the Cosmonaut Training Center (Star City) near Moscow. Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford (light coat, black cap), commander of the American ASTP crew, was head of the U.S. delegation to Star City. Astronaut Eugene A. Cernan (on Stafford?s left, light coat) is the Special Assistant to the American Technical Director of ASTP. The sightseeing group is walking in the direction of Lenin?s Mausoleum. The structure in the background is the Cathedral of the Intercession (St. Basil?s) Museum. The historic Kremlin complex is to the right. PHOTO COURTESY: USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov is seen during a traditional tree planting ceremony at the Cosmonaut Hotel, Saturday, June 2, 2018 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. Kotov was in Karaganda to help support the Expedition 55 crew Soyuz landing from the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

S75-32340 (July 1975) --- Cosmonauts Valeriy N. Kubasov (left) and Aleksey A. Leonov participate in English language training during Apollo-Soyuz Test Project preflight preparations at the Cosmonaut Training Center (Star City) near Moscow. Leonov was the commander of the Soviet ASTP first (prime) crew; and Kubasov was the flight engineer on the same crew. They are seated in the language laboratory at Star City. PHOTO COURTESY: USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

S94-47226 (13 Oct 1994) --- Using small life rafts, several cosmonauts and astronauts participating in joint Russia - United States space missions take part in an emergency bailout training session in the Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Weightless Environment Training Facility's (WET-F) 25-feet-deep pool. In the foreground is cosmonaut Alexsandr F. Poleshchuk, a member of the Mir reserve crew. A number of SCUBA-equipped divers assist the trainees.

Cosmonaut Alexandr F. Poleshchuk (right) inventories medical supplies with Ezra D. Kucharz, medical operations trainer for Krug Life Sciences, Incorporated. Poleshchuk, a Mir reserve crew member, and a number of other cosmonauts and astronauts participating in the joint Russia - United States program were in Houston, Texas, to prepare for upcoming missions which involve crew members from the two nations.

NASA, Roscosmos, and Russian Search and Recovery Forces meet at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan to discuss the readiness for the landing of Expedition 66 crew members Mark Vande Hei of NASA, and Pyotr Dubrov, and Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Monday, March 28, 2022, at the Cosmonaut Hotel in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. Vande Hei and Dubrov will be returning to Earth after logging 355 days in space as members of Expeditions 64-66 aboard the International Space Station. For Vande Hei, his mission is the longest single spaceflight by a U.S. astronaut in history. Shkaplerov will be returning after 176 days in space, serving as a Flight Engineer for Expedition 65 and commander of Expedition 66. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

S75-20108 (September 1974) --- Cosmonaut Aleksey A. Leonov (right), commander of the first (prime) crew of Soviet cosmonauts on the planned Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP), enjoys a tribal welcome from Shoshone Indians during a hunting trip in the Lander, Wyoming area. Leonov was in the United States to take part in joint crew training at the Johnson Space Center.

S94-47218 (28 Oct 1994) --- A number of Russian cosmonauts and an American astronaut listen to a briefing on launch and landing emergency situations during a training session in the Systems Integration Facility at the Johnson Space Center (JSC). Scheduled to launch aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis with the STS-71 crew (in orange suits, left to right) are Nikolai M. Budarin, Mir 19 flight engineer; Anatoliy Y. Solovyev, Mir 19 mission commander; and Bonnie J. Dunbar, STS-71 mission specialist. The three are flanked by cosmonauts Gennadiy M. Strekalov (seated, second left) and Vladimir N. Dezhurov (seated, right foreground), flight engineer and commander, respectively, for the Mir-18 mission, who will return from a Russian Mir Space Station stay in Atlantis along with the two-way crew members of the STS-71 mission. Alexsandr F. Poleshchuk (seated, far left) is a Mir-reserve crew member.