NASA's Katherine Johnson Independent Verification and Validation Facility in Fairmont, West Virginia. Credit: NASA

David Spergel, chair of NASA's independent study on unidentified anomalous phenomena and President of the Simons Foundation, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

David Spergel, chair of NASA's independent study on unidentified anomalous phenomena and President of the Simons Foundation, answers a question during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

David Spergel, chair of NASA's independent study on unidentified anomalous phenomena and President of the Simons Foundation, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

David Spergel, chair of NASA's independent study on unidentified anomalous phenomena and President of the Simons Foundation, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Members of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team are seen during a public meeting, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Independence Panorama

Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick, director of All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office at the Department of Defense, gives a presentation during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Shelley Wright, professor of Physics at the University of California San Diego's Center for Astrophysics and Space Studies, is seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick, director of All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office at the Department of Defense, left, gives a presentation during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Walter Scott, executive vice president and chief technology officer of Maxar, is seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Daniel Evans, assistant deputy associate administrator for Research in NASA's Science Mission Directorate, gives opening remarks are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Jennifer Buss, CEO of the Potomac Institute of Policy Studies, asks a question during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick, director of All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office at the Department of Defense, left, gives a presentation during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Daniel Evans, assistant deputy associate administrator for Research in NASA's Science Mission Directorate, gives opening remarks are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Anamaria Berea, associate professor of Computational and Data Science at George Mason University, left, asks a question during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Mike Freie, technical advisor in the Air Traffic Surveillance Service Office at the FAA, gives a presentation during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Reggie Brothers, operating partner at AE Industrial Partners, asks a question during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, speaks during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Mike Gold, chief growth officer at Redwire, left, David Spergel, chair of NASA's independent study on unidentified anomalous phenomena and President of the Simons Foundation, center, and Daniel Evans, assistant deputy associate administrator for Research in NASA's Science Mission Directorate, right, are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Scott Kelly, former NASA astronaut, left, and Anamaria Berea, associate professor of Computational and Data Science at George Mason University, are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Daniel Evans, assistant deputy associate administrator for Research in NASA's Science Mission Directorate, left, gives opening remarks are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Nadia Drake, science journalist, left, asks a question of Dr. Sean Kirkpatrick, director of All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office at the Department of Defense, during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Warren Randolph, deputy executive director of the Accident Investigation and Prevention for Aviation Safety at the FAA, left, Reggie Brothers, operating partner at AE Industrial Partners, center, and Shelley Wright, professor of Physics at the University of California San Diego's Center for Astrophysics and Space Studies, right, are seen during a public meeting of NASA’s unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA commissioned the nine-month study to examine UAP from a scientific perspective and create a roadmap for how to use data and the tools of science to move our understanding of UAP forward. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The topography of Savai’i and Upolu, the two large islands of the Independent State of Samoa, is well shown in this color-coded perspective view from NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.

Rose Gardner of the JSC Travel Office, center, rides with the Independence Trail Riders as they enter JSC at Rocket Park.

This is an artist concept of the Planck spacecraft. Planck was launched with the Herschel spacecraft, though the two missions separated shortly after launch and operate independently from each other.

This is a three-dimensional perspective view of Saline Valley, about 30 km 19 miles east of the town of Independence, California created by combining two spaceborne radar images using a technique known as interferometry.

The Sovereign Democratic Republic of the Fiji Islands, commonly known as Fiji, is an independent nation consisting of some 332 islands surrounding the Koro Sea in the South Pacific Ocean. This image shows Viti Levu, the largest island in the group.

Elizabeth Robinson, NASA Chief Finiancial Officer, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Elizabeth Robinson, NASA Chief Financial Officer, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Thomas Howard, NASA Deputy Inspector General, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Daniel Murrin, Partner, Assurance and Advisory Business Services, Ernst & Young LLP, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Elizabeth Robinson, NASA Chief Financial Officer, far right, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Paul Martin, Inspector General for NASA, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Daniel Murrin, Partner, Assurance and Advisory Business Service, Ernst & Young LLP, testifies during a Joint Hearing before the House Committee on Science and Technology, Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Thursday, Dec. 3, 2009, on Capitol Hill in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

iss058e026380 (Feb. 26, 2019) --- Astronaut David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency is inside the U.S. Destiny laboratory module working on the Combustion Integrated Rack. Saint-Jacques replaced fuel flow controllers inside the device for the Advanced Combustion via Microgravity Experiments which are a set of five independent studies of gaseous flames.

This image depicting the porosity of the lunar highland crust was derived using bulk density data from NASA GRAIL mission and independent grain density measurements from NASA Apollo moon mission samples as well as orbital remote-sensing data.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Karen Herrsing, of Canine Companions for Independence, educates Kennedy Space Center workers on how Canine Companions for Independence can enhance the lives of others along with her furry friend, Dart, during the National Employee Health and Fitness Day event in the Operations and Checkout Building's Mission Briefing Room. Photo credit: NASA/Daniel Casper

Panelists, from left to right, NASA Assistant Deputy Associate Administrator for Research, Science Mission Directorate, Daniel Evans; NASA Administrator Bill Nelson; NASA Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate, Nicola Fox; and President of the Simons Foundation and Chair of NASA's UAP Independent Study Team, David Spergel, are seen in a video camera during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

President of the Simons Foundation and Chair of NASA's UAP Independent Study Team, David Spergel, answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

President of the Simons Foundation and Chair of NASA's UAP Independent Study Team, David Spergel, answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

President of the Simons Foundation and Chair of NASA's UAP Independent Study Team, David Spergel answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

President of the Simons Foundation and Chair of NASA's UAP Independent Study Team, David Spergel, provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NRTC/RITA RIA precision pathway terminal Guidance: UN-60 RASCAL (#012) cockpit (National Rotorcraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association Runway Independent Aircraft)

iss068e007434 (Oct. 2, 2022) --- Carteret Atoll, part of the independent nation of Papua New Guinea, is pictured from the International Space Station as it orbited 260 miles above the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Credit: ESA/Samantha Cristoforetti

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

iss069e003201 (4/13/2023) --- A view of the Yuri investigation aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Yuri uses Space Tango CubeLab hardware to host four independent investigations developed by research teams in Germany and Luxembourg.

iss068e000304 (Sept. 29, 2022) --- Taongi Atoll, in the independent country of the Marshall Islands, is pictured from the International Space Station as it orbited 258 miles above the Pacific Ocean.

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

iss065e156102 (July 4, 2021) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 65 Flight Engineer Shane Kimbrough is pictured inside the Kibo laboratory module with the U.S. flag behind him on the July the 4th Independence Day holiday.

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

A member of the media asks a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

A member of the media asks a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Nicola Fox, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, answers a question during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Center Director Roy Bridges (standing, center) poses with members of the Disability Awareness and Action Working Group (DAAWG), which is holding the 1999 Technology Fair Oct. 20-21 at Kennedy Space Center. The Fair is highlighting vendors demonstrating mobility, hearing, vision and silent disability assistive technology. The purpose is to create an awareness of the types of technology currently available to assist people with various disabilities in the workplace. The theme is that of this year's National Disability Employment Awareness Month, "Opening Doors to Ability." Some of the vendors participating are Canine Companions for Independence, Goodwill Industries, Accessible Structures, Division of Blind Services, Space Coast Center for Independent Living, KSC Fitness Center and Delaware North Parks Services

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson provides remarks during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson is seen during a media briefing to discuss the findings from an unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) independent study team, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The UAP independent study team, commissioned in 2022, is a counsel of 16 community experts across diverse areas on matters relevant to potential methods of study for unidentified anomalous phenomena. NASA published the team’s full report online, which aims to inform about what possible data could be collected in the future to shed light on the nature and origin of UAP. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - After removing its cover, technicians look over the Minus Eighty Lab Freezer for ISS (MELFI), provided as Laboratory Support Equipment by the European Space Agency for the International Space Station. The lab will provide cooling and storage for reagents, samples and perishable materials in four insulated containers called dewars with independently selectable temperatures of -80°C, -26°C, and +4°C. It also will be used to transport samples to and from the station. The MELFI is planned for launch on the ULF-1 mission.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) inspects debris in the Columbia Debris Hangar. At right is the model of the left wing that has been used during recovery operations. Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey, former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford (third from right, foreground), Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Columbia Debris Hangar, members of the Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) look at tiles recovered. Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey, former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford (center), Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - As the Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) tours the Orbiter Processing Facility, Richard O. Covey (second from left), former Space Shuttle commander, points to equipment. Covey is co-chair of the SCTG along with Thomas P. Stafford, Apollo commander. Others in the photo are William Wegner, James Adamson and Joe Engle. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) visits the Columbia Debris Hangar . Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey (third from right), former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford (fourth from right), Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Minus Eighty Lab Freezer for ISS (MELFI), provided as Laboratory Support Equipment by the European Space Agency for the International Space Station, is seen in the Space Station Processing Facility. The lab will provide cooling and storage for reagents, samples and perishable materials in four insulated containers called dewars with independently selectable temperatures of -80°C, -26°C, and +4°C. It also will be used to transport samples to and from the station. The MELFI is planned for launch on the ULF-1 mission.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Columbia Debris Hangar, Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach (left) talks to members of the Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) about reconstruction efforts. Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey (second from right), former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford, Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Columbia Debris Hangar, Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach answers questions from the Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG). Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey (fifth from left), former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford, Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, technicians remove the cover from the Minus Eighty Lab Freezer for ISS(MELFI) provided as Laboratory Support Equipment by the European Space Agency for the International Space Station. The lab will provide cooling and storage for reagents, samples and perishable materials in four insulated containers called dewars with independently selectable temperatures of -80°C, -26°C, and +4°C. It also will be used to transport samples to and from the station. The MELFI is planned for launch on the ULF-1 mission.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Columbia Debris Hangar, members of the Stafford-Covey Return to Flight Task Group (SCTG) inspect some of the debris. Chairing the task group are Richard O. Covey, former Space Shuttle commander, and Thomas P. Stafford (fourth from left), Apollo commander. Chartered by NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, the task group will perform an independent assessment of NASA’s implementation of the final recommendations by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board.

TODD MAY, LEFT, MANAGER OF THE SLS PROGRAM AT THE MARSHALL CENTER, DISCUSSES THE ROCKET'S SPECIFICATIONS WITH LEROY CAIN, WHO HEADS THE INDEPENDENT STANDING REVIEW BOARD FOR SLS, DURING THE SLS PROGRAM'S PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEW. THE REVIEW KICKED OFF JUNE 18-19

NRTC/RITA Precision Pathway Terminal Guidance: UH-60 RASCAL (#012) (National Rotocraft Technology Center/Rotorcraft Industry Technology Association) runway independent aircraft; Sikorsky Helicopter pilot Kevin Bredenbeck preparing for flight in RASCAL with Dave Arterburn

iss056e021157 (June 19, 2018) --- Expedition 56 Flight Engineer Ricky Arnold of NASA (foreground) performs maintenance inside the Combustion Integrated Rack to set up the Advanced Combustion via Microgravity Experiments (ACME), a series of five independent studies of gaseous flames. Expedition 56 Commander Drew Feustel of NASA is seen in the background.

An Independent Crew Egress Exercise (ICEE) / Houston Operations Theater (HOT) engineering test is conducted at JSC's Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL), Sonny Carter Training Facility (SCTF) in Houston on June 29, 2017. Part of Batch images transfer from Flickr.

iss073e0420732 (July 4, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonnny Kim poses for a portrait with the American flag on the Fourth of July, or Independence Day, inside the International Space Station's "window to the world," the cupola. The orbital outpost was soaring 268 miles above a cloudy Atlantic Ocean at the time of this photograph.