
Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine, left, and NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, walk together prior to the start of a meeting Tuesday, Nov. 1, 2005, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, center left, and Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, center right, meet to discuss space cooperation, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, left, welcomes Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia as they meet to discuss space cooperation, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, center left, and Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, center right, meet to discuss space cooperation, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia discusses space cooperation with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, left, welcomes Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia as they meet to discuss space cooperation, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia discusses space cooperation with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia discusses space cooperation with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

National Space Council Executive Director Chirag Parikh, left, and NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, discuss space cooperation with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia discusses space cooperation with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, center left, and Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, center right, meet to discuss space cooperation, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy discuss space cooperation with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy discuss space cooperation with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia during a meeting, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, foreground left, sits across the table from Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine, during a courtesy visit Tuesday, Nov. 1, 2005, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, left, shakes hands with Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine after a visit to NASA Headquarters on Tuesday, Nov. 1, 2005 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, left, presents Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine, with a montage following a meeting Tuesday, Nov. 1, 2005, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, left, and NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy shake hands at the conclusion of meeting and touring NASA’s Earth Information Center, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. The Earth Information Center is a new immersive experience that combines live data sets with cutting-edge data visualization to show NASA data can improve lives in the face of disasters, environmental challenges, and our changing world. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Earth Science Division Director Karen St. Germain, left, talks with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, as they tour NASA’s Earth Information Center, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. The Earth Information Center is a new immersive experience that combines live data sets with cutting-edge data visualization to show NASA data can improve lives in the face of disasters, environmental challenges, and our changing world. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Director General of the National Space Agency of Ukraine Yuriy Sergiyovych Alekseyev, left, NASA Administrator Michael Griffin, center, and Prime Minister of Ukraine Yuriy Yekhanurov pose for a photograph prior to their meeting at NASA Headquarters, Tuesday, Nov. 1, 2005, in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Earth Science Division Director Karen St. Germain, far right, talks with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, as they along with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy tour NASA’s Earth Information Center, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. The Earth Information Center is a new immersive experience that combines live data sets with cutting-edge data visualization to show NASA data can improve lives in the face of disasters, environmental challenges, and our changing world. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Earth Science Division Director Karen St. Germain, far right, talks with Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai of Mongolia, as they along with NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, left, tour NASA’s Earth Information Center, Friday, Aug. 4, 2023, at the NASA Headquarters Mary W. Jackson Building in Washington. The Earth Information Center is a new immersive experience that combines live data sets with cutting-edge data visualization to show NASA data can improve lives in the face of disasters, environmental challenges, and our changing world. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, Center Director Jim Kennedy (second from left) presents a framed photo to Mary Harney , Tanaiste (deputy prime minister) and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment of Ireland. Harney is visiting KSC to support a Memorandum of Understanding between Florida Spaceport Authority and the Irish government’s training and employment authority (FAS). The joint initiative enables Irish students to work with science and engineering experts during a six-week program in Florida. At far left is FSA Director Capt. Winston Scott. Next to Harney is Paul Haran, secretary to the deputy prime minister.

Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, learns about some of the modules in the Space Station Processing Facility. Lady Thatcher is on a tour of KSC

Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, learns about some of the modules in the Space Station Processing Facility. Lady Thatcher is on a tour of KSC

The Prime Minister of Ireland Bian Cowan on a stop over during a conference & visit with San Jose-Dublin Sister Cities Stephen T. 'Tim' Quigley, Jr. to dedicate/open the Irish Innovation Center in San Jose, CA. Pete Worden, Ames Center Director, Tim Quigley greet Brian Cowen Prime Minister of Ireland.

Lady Margaret Thatcher (right), former Prime Minister of Great Britain, tours KSC. Accompanying her is JoAnn H. Morgan (left), director, External Relations and Business Development, at the Center

Lady Margaret Thatcher (right), former Prime Minister of Great Britain, tours KSC. Accompanying her is JoAnn H. Morgan (left), director, External Relations and Business Development, at the Center

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the Space Station Processing Facility, Center Director Jim Kennedy holds a framed photo to be presented to Mary Harney , Tanaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment of Ireland (at his left). Harney is visiting KSC to support a Memorandum of Understanding between Florida Spaceport Authority and the Irish government’s training and employment authority (FAS). The joint initiative enables Irish students to work with science and engineering experts during a six-week program in Florida. On Kennedy’s right is FSA Director Capt. Winston Scott. Next to Harney is Paul Haran, secretary to the deputy prime minister. Gathered here with Harney, Haran, Kennedy and Scott are Bridget Flynn, assistant to Harney; Brian Joseph Geoghegan, director of FAS; Roderick Peter Molloy, director general of FAS, and Noreen Molloy, his wife; Caitriona White, FAS public relations manager; Anne Haran; and Roisin McCann, Dept. of Enterprise, Trade and Employment.

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, gets an inside look at the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, sits in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour and talks with United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right). The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

ISS022-E-020669 (7 Jan. 2010) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi, Expedition 22 flight engineer, participates in a JAXA event, involving Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama and other officials, from the Kibo laboratory of the International Space Station.

An optical illusion places Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, under an external tank in the Vehicle Assembly Building. In reality, the ET is behind her, waiting in the transfer aisle for stacking on the next Shuttle. Lady Thatcher is touring KSC

The attention of Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, is directed to one of the modules in the Space Station Processing Facility. Lady Thatcher is touring KSC. Accompanying her is JoAnn H. Morgan (left), director, External Relations and Business Development, at the Center

Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, visits the Space Station Processing Facility while on a tour of KSC. Accompanying her, on the far right, is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC

Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, visits the Space Station Processing Facility while on a tour of KSC. Accompanying her, on the far right, is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, signs a wall in the Orbiter Processing Facility. She has just completed an inside tour of the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in OPF bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, sits in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour and talks with United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right). The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, takes a seat in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour. At right is United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, signs a wall in the Orbiter Processing Facility. She has just completed an inside tour of the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in OPF bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

An optical illusion places Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, under an external tank in the Vehicle Assembly Building. In reality, the ET is behind her, waiting in the transfer aisle for stacking on the next Shuttle. Lady Thatcher is touring KSC

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, gets an inside look at the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

The attention of Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, is directed to one of the modules in the Space Station Processing Facility. Lady Thatcher is touring KSC. Accompanying her is JoAnn H. Morgan (left), director, External Relations and Business Development, at the Center

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, takes a seat in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour. At right is United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

iss073e0252429 (June 28, 2025) --- ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) astronaut and Axiom Mission 4 Mission Specialist Shubhanshu Shukla poses for a portrait aboard the International Space Station's Kibo laboratory module during a space-to-ground conference with Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi.

Taking a tour of KSC is Lady Margaret Thatcher (second from right), former Prime Minister of Britain. Next to her (far right) is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. They are outside the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, which contains Endeavour, next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison delivers remarks prior the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, standing underneath the orbiter Endeavour are United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish, NASA Test Director Kelvin Manning, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, and JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. Thatcher is on a tour of KSC. Parrish will be her guide inside the orbiter Endeavour, which is next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, left, and former NASA astronaut Andy Thomas, right, are reflected in the visor of a spacesuit replica as they talk following the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison delivers remarks prior the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (right), former Prime Minister of Britain, gets an inside look at the orbiter Endeavour. Here she talks with United Space Alliance technician, Mike Parrish (left). The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station.

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (right), former Prime Minister of Britain, gets an inside look at the orbiter Endeavour. Here she talks with United Space Alliance technician, Mike Parrish (left). The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station.

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, talks with United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right) while sitting in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- At the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin, right, presents a framed photograph of the Kremlin to center director Robert Crippen during a visit to the space center. Space, energy and the environment are the three major focuses of the Russian's U.S. visit, which also included a stop at the agency's Johnson Space Center. Photo Credit: NASA

During a tour of KSC, Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, talks with United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right) while sitting in the cockpit of the orbiter Endeavour. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison delivers remarks prior the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Walking into the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2 while on a tour of KSC is Lady Margaret Thatcher (second from right), former Prime Minister of Britain. At far right is NASA Test Director Kelvin Manning. At left is United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish, who will be Thatcher’s guide inside the orbiter Endeavour; second from left is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. Endeavour is next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison delivers remarks prior the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, signs an agreement with Dr. Marc Serres, chief executive officer, Luxembourg Space Agency (LSA), left, while the Honorable James Randolph Evans, Ambassador to the Grant Duchy of Luxembourg, back right, and Etienne Schneider, Deputy Prime Minister, back left, observe at the 70th International Astronautical Congress, Tuesday, Oct. 22, 2019 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

At the entrance to orbiter Endeavour, Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, poses with United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right) who was her guide through the vehicle. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Taking a tour of KSC is Lady Margaret Thatcher (second from right), former Prime Minister of Britain. Next to her (far right) is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. They are outside the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, which contains Endeavour, next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Lady Margaret Thatcher (left), former Prime Minister of Britain, takes a keen interest in the equipment inside the orbiter Endeavour. United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish (right) provides information. The orbiter, which is in the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, is flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station.

Walking into the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2 while on a tour of KSC is Lady Margaret Thatcher (second from right), former Prime Minister of Britain. At far right is NASA Test Director Kelvin Manning. At left is United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish, who will be Thatcher’s guide inside the orbiter Endeavour; second from left is JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. Endeavour is next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, second from left, poses for a picture with NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, left, and former NASA astronauts Andy Thomas, second from right, and Pam Melroy, right, following the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

In the Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2, standing underneath the orbiter Endeavour are United Space Alliance technician Mike Parrish, NASA Test Director Kelvin Manning, Lady Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Britain, and JoAnn H. Morgan, director, External Relations and Business Development at KSC. Thatcher is on a tour of KSC. Parrish will be her guide inside the orbiter Endeavour, which is next flying on mission STS-100, the ninth construction flight to the International Space Station

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, and Dr. Marc Serres, chief executive officer, Luxembourg Space Agency (LSA), left, shake hands after signing an agreement while the Honorable James Randolph Evans, Ambassador to the Grant Duchy of Luxembourg, back right, and Etienne Schneider, Deputy Prime Minister, back left, observed at the 70th International Astronautical Congress, Tuesday, Oct. 22, 2019 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson shows Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, a model of the International Space Station (ISS) before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, and U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, center, greet Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, and U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, center, greet Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, right, greets Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, right, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, second from right, and U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, second from left, greet Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson shows Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, a model of the Space Launch System (SLS) before U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio delivers remarks before U.S. Secretary of State, Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio delivers remarks before U.S. Secretary of State, Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio delivers remarks before U.S. Secretary of State, Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio delivers remarks before U.S. Secretary of State, Antony Blinken and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, left, NASA Deputy Administrator Jim Morhard, second from left, Dr. Megan Clark, Head of the Australian Space Agency, second from right, and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, right, pose for a picture after exchanging space agency hats following the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, left, NASA Deputy Administrator Jim Morhard, second from left, Dr. Megan Clark, Head of the Australian Space Agency, second from right, and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, right, pose for a picture after exchanging space agency hats following the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, top left, and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, top right, witness the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency by NASA Deputy Administrator Jim Morhard, left, and Dr. Megan Clark, Head of the Australian Space Agency, right, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Dmitry Kozak, Deputy Prime Minister of Russian Federation, standing left, next to, Oleg Ostapenko, Head of Roscosmos, give a formal farewell to Expedition 38 Flight Engineer Koichi Wakata of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, far right, Soyuz Commander Mikhail Tyurin of Roscosmos, center, and, Flight Engineer Rick Mastracchio of NASA, as Division Chief, GCTC, Valery Korzun holds the Olympic torch that will travel with the crew on their soyuz TMA-11M rocket to the International Space Station, Thursday, Nov. 7, 2013, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, top left, and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, top right, witness the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency by NASA Deputy Administrator Jim Morhard, left, and Dr. Megan Clark, Head of the Australian Space Agency, right, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA Deputy Administrator Jim Morhard, second from left, shakes hands with Dr. Megan Clark, Head of the Australian Space Agency, second from right, as they pose for a photo with U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, left, and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, right, following the signing of a letter of intent between NASA and the Australian Space Agency, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA and the Australian Space Agency will build on over 60 years of collaboration in space exploration between the two countries and commit to expanding cooperation. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Red Sea golf resort in Sharm El Sheik, Egypt, where President Clinton met with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat, stands out against the desert landscape in this image acquired on August 25, 2000. This image of the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula shows an area about 30 by 40 kilometers (19 by 25 miles) in the visible and near infrared wavelength region. Vegetation appears in red. The blue areas in the water at the top and bottom of the image are coral reefs. The airport is visible just to the north of the golf resort. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA02667

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, seated left, and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, seated right, sign an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Also present were, U.S. Ambassador to Japan Rahm Emanuel, second from left, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, third from left, Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, third from right, President of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Yamakawa Hiroshi, right. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, front left, and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, front right, shake hands after signing an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Also present were, U.S. Ambassador to Japan Rahm Emanuel, left, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, second from left, and Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, right. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, front left, and Japan’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Hayashi Yoshimasa, front right, pose for a photo after signing an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Also present were, U.S. Ambassador to Japan Rahm Emanuel, left, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, second from left, Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, second from right, President of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Yamakawa Hiroshi, right. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

From left to right, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, U.S. Ambassador to Japan, Rahm Emanuel, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan, The Honorable Hayashi Yoshimasa, President of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Yamakawa Hiroshi, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to the U.S., Tomita Koji, and JAXA astronaut Hoshide Akihiko, are seen before the signing of an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

From left to right, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, U.S. Ambassador to Japan Rahm Emanuel, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, Prime Minister of Japan, His Excellency Kishida Fumio, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan, The Honorable Hayashi Yoshimasa, President of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Yamakawa Hiroshi, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to the U.S., Tomita Koji, and JAXA astronaut Hoshide Akihiko, applaud after the signing of an agreement that builds on a long history of collaboration in space exploration between the U.S. and Japan, Friday, Jan. 13, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. “The Framework Agreement Between the Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America for Cooperation in Space Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, For Peaceful Purposes” covers joint activities including space science, Earth science, space operations and exploration, aeronautical science and technology, space technology, space transportation, and safety and mission assurance, among others. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Cherie Blair, wife of Tony Blair, prime minister of Great Britain, stops at Launch Pad 39B on a tour of Kennedy Space Center. At left is the KSC bus driver, Dale Meneau, and at right is Robert Dudiak, a personal friend of the Blairs. Mrs. Blair is an attorney (barrister) in England. She was Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University from 1999-2006, and in July 2006 was awarded the honorary title of Emeritus Chancellor. She is also Governor of the London School of Economics and the Open University. She is a founding member of Matrix Chambers in London, from which she continues to practice as a barrister, which specializes in human rights law. Photo credit: NASA/John Keckley

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Cherie Blair (center), wife of Tony Blair, prime minister of Great Britain, is given a guided walkthrough of the Space Station Processing Facility during a tour of Kennedy Space Center. From left in front are Gale Booth (Mrs. Blair's mother), Mrs. Blair and Tom Pentrack, deputy director of ISS and Spacecraft Processing. Mrs. Blair is an attorney (barrister) in England. She was Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University from 1999-2006, and in July 2006 was awarded the honorary title of Emeritus Chancellor. She is also Governor of the London School of Economics and the Open University. She is a founding member of Matrix Chambers in London, from which she continues to practice as a barrister, which specializes in human rights law. Photo credit: NASA/John Keckley

NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin (left) greets Mme. Aline Chretien, wife of the Canadian Prime Minister, at the launch of STS-96. Looking on in the background (between them) is former astronaut Jean-Loup Chretien (no relation), who flew on STS-86. Mme. Chretien attended the launch because one of the STs-96 crew is Mission Specialist Julie Payette, who represents the Canadian Space Agency. Space Shuttle Discovery launched on time at 6:49:42 a.m. EDT to begin a 10-day logistics and resupply mission for the International Space Station. Along with such payloads as a Russian crane, the Strela; a U.S.-built crane; the Spacehab Oceaneering Space System Box (SHOSS), a logistics items carrier; and STARSHINE, a student-involved experiment, Discovery carries about 4,000 pounds of supplies, to be stored aboard the station for use by future crews, including laptop computers, cameras, tools, spare parts, and clothing. The mission includes a space walk to attach the cranes to the outside of the ISS for use in future construction. Landing is expected at the SLF on June 6 about 1:58 a.m. EDT

ISS010-E-22495 (2 April 2005) --- Numerous recognizable features appear in this detailed view of London, United Kingdom, photographed by an Expedition 10 crewmember on the International Space Station (ISS). The photographer had to look back along track for the shot, from a position over northern Germany. The most striking visual features are green open spaces such as Regent’s Park, Hyde Park and St. James’s Park east of Buckingham Palace. Many smaller parks indicate why Londoners are proud of being able to walk miles through the city mainly on grass. The River Thames—with its bridges and barges (some of the more than 14,000 craft registered to sail the Thames)—is the axis upon which the city was founded in Roman times. The relatively small area known as the City of London coincides with the ancient walled Roman city of Londinium on the north bank of the river (the line of the wall is marked closely for almost its entire length by modern streets), and includes St. Paul’s Cathedral near where the Roman temple stood. For scale, the river is 265 meters wide near St. Paul’s. The City is the financial center while Westminster is the center of government, including the Houses of Parliament and Downing Street, where the British Prime Minister lives. Several large structures visible in this image are railroad stations; three serving areas north of London (Euston, St. Pancras and King’s Cross), and Waterloo Station serving southern Britain. The London Eye, a famous Ferris wheel 140 meters high, is situated on an oval island in the River Thames, visible just west of Waterloo Station. Many larger buildings can also be identified, partly because they cast shadows—Buckingham Palace, St Paul’s Cathedral, and the Tate Modern art museum (a converted power station, the 99-meter chimney was designed to fall just short of the crest of St Paul’s dome).
On June 19, 2013, NASA’s Aqua satellite captured a striking image of smoke billowing from illegal wildfires on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The smoke blew east toward southern Malaysia and Singapore, and news media reported that thick clouds of haze had descended on Singapore, pushing pollution levels to record levels. Singapore’s primary measure of pollution, the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI)—a uniform measure of key pollutants similar to the Air Quality Index (AQI) used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency—spiked to 371 on the afternoon of June 20, 2013, the highest level ever recorded. The previous record occurred in 1997, when the index hit 226. Health experts consider any level above 300 to be “hazardous” to human health. Levels above 200 are considered “very unhealthy.” The image above was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), an instrument that observes the entire surface of Earth’s every 1 to 2 days. The image was captured during the afternoon at 6:30 UTC (2:30 p.m. local time). Though local laws prohibit it, farmers in Sumatra often burn forests during the dry season to prepare soil for new crops. The BBC reported that Singapore’s Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong warned that the haze could “easily last for several weeks and quite possibly longer until the dry season ends in Sumatra.” NASA image by Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response. Caption by Adam Voiland. Credit: <b><a href="http://www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" rel="nofollow"> NASA Earth Observatory</a></b> Instrument: Aqua - MODIS <b><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelines.html" rel="nofollow">NASA image use policy.</a></b> <b><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html" rel="nofollow">NASA Goddard Space Flight Center</a></b> enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. <b>Follow us on <a href="http://twitter.com/NASA_GoddardPix" rel="nofollow">Twitter</a></b> <b>Like us on <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Greenbelt-MD/NASA-Goddard/395013845897?ref=tsd" rel="nofollow">Facebook</a></b> <b>Find us on <a href="http://instagram.com/nasagoddard?vm=grid" rel="nofollow">Instagram</a></b>

On June 19, 2013, NASA’s Aqua satellite captured a striking image of smoke billowing from illegal wildfires on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The smoke blew east toward southern Malaysia and Singapore, and news media reported that thick clouds of haze had descended on Singapore, pushing pollution levels to record levels. Singapore’s primary measure of pollution, the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI)—a uniform measure of key pollutants similar to the Air Quality Index (AQI) used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency—spiked to 371 on the afternoon of June 20, 2013, the highest level ever recorded. The previous record occurred in 1997, when the index hit 226. Health experts consider any level above 300 to be “hazardous” to human health. Levels above 200 are considered “very unhealthy.” The image above was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), an instrument that observes the entire surface of Earth’s every 1 to 2 days. The image was captured during the afternoon at 6:30 UTC (2:30 p.m. local time). Though local laws prohibit it, farmers in Sumatra often burn forests during the dry season to prepare soil for new crops. The BBC reported that Singapore’s Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong warned that the haze could “easily last for several weeks and quite possibly longer until the dry season ends in Sumatra.” NASA image by Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response. Caption by Adam Voiland. Credit: <b><a href="http://www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" rel="nofollow"> NASA Earth Observatory</a></b> Instrument: Aqua - MODIS <b><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelines.html" rel="nofollow">NASA image use policy.</a></b> <b><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/home/index.html" rel="nofollow">NASA Goddard Space Flight Center</a></b> enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. <b>Follow us on <a href="http://twitter.com/NASA_GoddardPix" rel="nofollow">Twitter</a></b> <b>Like us on <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Greenbelt-MD/NASA-Goddard/395013845897?ref=tsd" rel="nofollow">Facebook</a></b> <b>Find us on <a href="http://instagram.com/nasagoddard?vm=grid" rel="nofollow">Instagram</a></b>