Expedition 64 prime crew member, Kate Rubins of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Mark Vande Hei of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew member NASA astronaut Anne McClain lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 50 NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2016, in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, center, watch as Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 50 NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2016, in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, second from left, and backup crew members NASA astronaut Anne McClain, third from left, and Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, second from right watch as prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Randy Bresnik of NASA visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 backup crew members Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), left, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, center, and Mark Vande Hei of NASA pose for a photograph in front of Saint Basil's Cathedral as they visited Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, second form left, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, third from left, and backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, third from right, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from right, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos (right), NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov, left, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from left, prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, third from left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, third from right, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, second from right, and backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

From left to right, Expedition 64 backup crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, and Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo at Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Randy Bresnik of NASA, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, and backup crew members, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, Mark Vande Hei of NASA, and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), right, pose for a group photograph in Red Square after having laid roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Randy Bresnik of NASA visit Red Square prepare to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov, left, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from left, prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, third from left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, third from right, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, second from right, and backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 52 flight engineer Paolo Nespoli of ESA lays roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 52 flight engineer Randy Bresnik of NASA salutes after laying roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 backup crew member Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) lays roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 backup crew members Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), left, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, center, and Mark Vande Hei of NASA lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 43 NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, left, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), center, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos walk along the Kremlin Wall in Red Square to leave roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Friday, March 6, 2015, Moscow, Russia. The trio is preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 43 NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, left, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), center, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos pose for a photograph in front of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Friday, March 6, 2015. The trio is preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

S74-20831 (November 1973) --- A group of astronauts and their cosmonaut hosts are photographed sightseeing on Red Square in the heart of Moscow during a tour of the Soviet capital. The Americans were in the USSR to participate in Apollo-Soyuz Test Project familiarization training on the Soyuz systems at the Cosmonaut Training Center (Star City) near Moscow. Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford (light coat, black cap), commander of the American ASTP crew, was head of the U.S. delegation to Star City. Astronaut Eugene A. Cernan (on Stafford?s left, light coat) is the Special Assistant to the American Technical Director of ASTP. The sightseeing group is walking in the direction of Lenin?s Mausoleum. The structure in the background is the Cathedral of the Intercession (St. Basil?s) Museum. The historic Kremlin complex is to the right. PHOTO COURTESY: USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Expedition 43 prime and backup crews pose for a photograph together in front of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, from left, Expedition 43 backup crew members; NASA Astronaut Jeff Williams, Russian cosmonaut Sergei Volkov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Russian cosmonaut Alexei Ovchinin of Roscosmos, Expedition 43 prime crew members; NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos, Friday, March 6, 2015. Kelly, Padalka, and Kornienko are preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 backup crew member, Anne McClain of NASA signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as her crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Mark Vande Hei of NASA signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew member, Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Christina Koch of NASA (left), Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (center) and Nick Hague of NASA (right) pose for pictures Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Nick Hague of NASA (left), Christina Koch of NASA (center) and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (right) walk toward the Kremlin Wall Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Christina Koch of NASA (left), Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (center) and Nick Hague of NASA (right) pose for pictures Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

Cleveland’s Terminal Tower as seen from Public Square was lit up “Mars Red” leading up the Perseverance Rover’s arrival on Mars Wednesday night February 18th and Thursday morning.

Shown here is a representation of the 21 sample tubes (containing rock, regolith, atmosphere, and witness materials) that have been sealed to date by NASA's Perseverance Mars rover. Red dots indicate the locations where each sample was collected. Squares outlined in red show the texture of an area about 2 inches (5 centimeters) across on a particular rock sample after it was worn down by the rover's abrasion tool (with the exception of "Observation Mountain," which is an image of the surface of a pile of regolith, or broken rock and dust). The one or two squares immediately to the right of each red-outlined square shows an image of the top of each sample tube after the sample was acquired. A key objective for Perseverance's mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet's geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith (broken rock and dust). Subsequent NASA missions, in cooperation with ESA (European Space Agency), would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and return them to Earth for in-depth analysis. The Mars 2020 Perseverance mission is part of NASA's Moon to Mars exploration approach, which includes Artemis missions to the Moon that will help prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet. https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25674

jsc2017e136060 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Kanai, Scott Tingle of NASA and Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136057 - On a snowy night at Red Square Moscow, Expedition 54-55 backup crewmembers Sergey Prokopyev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left), Jeanette Epps of NASA (center) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency (right) pay homage at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They are backups to Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Scott Tingle of NASA and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), who will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136055 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 backup crewmember Jeanette Epps of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Looking on are backup crewmembers Sergey Prokopyev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency. They are backups to Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Scott Tingle of NASA and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), who will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136054 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Shkaplerov, Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Scott Tingle of NASA will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136059 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmembers Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left), Scott Tingle of NASA (center) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA, right) pose for pictures in front of St. Basil’s Cathedral in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136058 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Scott Tingle of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Tingle, Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136056 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmembers Scott Tingle of NASA (left), Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, center) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA, right) pose for pictures at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg (right) takes a stroll through Red Square in Moscow in front of a grandstand and the Kremlin May 8 with her husband, astronaut Doug Hurley (left) and their son. Red Square was decorated for commemorative activity in honor of Russian Victor Day May 9. Nyberg, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg (right) takes a stroll through Red Square in Moscow May 8 in front of a grandstand with her husband, astronaut Doug Hurley (left) and their son. Red Square was decorated for commemorative activity in honor of Russian Victor Day May 9. Nyberg, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

STS078-760-010 (20 June - 7 July 1996) --- As photographed with color infrared film by the crew of the Space Shuttle Columbia, the capital of the United States of America (the right of center) is located at the head of the navigable portion of the Potomac River. The Potomac separates the capital from Virginia to the southwest. It covers an area of 68-square-mile (177-square-kilometers). Andrews Air Force Base is seen east southwest of Washington D.C. at the right edge of the photo. Dulles International Airport is located west of the city on the left edge of the photo. Green vegetation shows up as red in the color infrared image.

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow serving as a backdrop, Expedition 46-47 crewmembers Tim Kopra of NASA (left), Yuri Malenchenko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, center) and Tim Peake of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures Nov. 23 after laying flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred. Peake, Malenchenko and Kopra will launch on Dec. 15 on the Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Seth Marcantel

At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 46-47 crewmember Tim Kopra of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred in a ceremony Nov. 23. Looking on from left to right are backup crewmember Anatoly Ivanishin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and prime crewmembers Tim Peake of the European Space Agency and Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos. Peake, Malenchenko and Kopra will launch on Dec. 15 on the Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Seth Marcantel

During a traditional tour of Red Square in Moscow March 7, Expedition 35-36 Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov laid flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred. Vinogradov, NASA Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy and Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin will launch to the International Space Station March 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA / Stephanie Stoll

jsc2019e036814 - With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow’s Red Square providing the backdrop, Expedition 60 crewmember Drew Morgan of NASA poses for pictures June 28 as part of traditional pre-launch activities. Morgan, Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency and Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Beth Weissinger.

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 as part of the traditional activities leading to the launch of him and his crewmates, Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov and Satoshi Furukawa of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to the International Space Station June 8 in their Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Looking on are backup crewmembers Don Pettit of NASA, Oleg Kononenko of Russia and Andre Kuipers of the European Space Agency.

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 and he and his crewmates conducted traditional activities in advance of their launch June 8 in the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for the International Space Station. Fossum will be launched with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa and Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov.

At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 57 crewmember Nick Hague of NASA salutes after laying flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional ceremonies Sept. 17. Hague and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Sarah Volkman.

At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 37/38 Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy lays flowers Sept. 6 in a traditional ceremony to honor Russian space icons who are interred there. Ryazanskiy, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kotov and Flight Engineer Michael Hopkins of NASA are preparing for their launch to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Sept. 26, Kazakh time, aboard the Soyuz TMA-10M spacecraft. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

The next residents of the International Space Station pose for pictures in front of the Tsar Cannon at the Kremlin in Moscow October 24, 2011 after completing the traditional laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall off of Red Square as part of their pre-launch activities. Expedition 30 Commander Dan Burbank (left), Flight Engineer Anatoly Ivanishin (center) and Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov (right) will launch on November 14 in their Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Credit: NASA

jsc2019e052248 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates lays flowers where Russian space icons are interred Sept. 5 as part of traditional pre-flight ceremonies. Almansoori, and Expedition 61 crewmembers Jessica Meir of NASA and Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos will launch Sept. 25 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2019e036812 - At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 60 crewmember Drew Morgan of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall June 28 where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch activities. Morgan, Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency and Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/GCTC.

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa pays his respects to those interred in the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 as he and his crewmates conducted traditional activities in advance of their launch June 8 in the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for the International Space Station. Looking on is Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov, who along with Furukawa, will be launched with NASA Flight Engineer Mike Fossum to spend almost six months on the complex.

At the Kremlin Wall in Moscow, Expedition 30 Flight Engineer Anatoly Ivanishin laid flowers October 24, 2011 in a traditional ceremony during the tour of Red Square he and his crewmates conducted prior to their launch to the International Space Station November 14 on the Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ivanishin, Expedition Commander Dan Burbank of NASA and Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov will arrive in Baikonur October 31 for final pre-launch preparations. Credit: NASA

1107: At the Kremlin Wall in Moscow’s Red Square, Expedition 40/41 Flight Engineer Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency pauses to reflect May 8 after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred. Gerst, Max Suraev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Reid Wiseman of NASA are preparing for launch May 29, Kazakh time, in the Soyuz TMA-13M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a 5 ½ month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

jsc2017e039458 (04/03/2017) --- At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 51 crewmember Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred during traditional ceremonies April 3. Yurchikhin and Jack Fischer of NASA will launch April 20 on the Soyuz MS-04 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo: NASA/Rob Navias.

JSC2011-E-040330 (30 March 2011) --- NASA astronaut Chris Ferguson (foreground), STS-135 commander, visits Red Square in Moscow on March 30, 2011. The crew of the final shuttle mission traveled to Moscow for a suit fit check of their Russian Sokol suits which would be required in the event of an emergency. Photo credit: NASA Photo/Houston Chronicle, Smiley N. Pool

jsc2019e052245 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 61 crewmember Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos lays flowers where Russian space icons are interred Sept. 5 as part of traditional pre-flight ceremonies. Skripochka, Jessica Meir of NASA and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates will launch Sept. 25 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, the Expedition 57 prime and backup crewmembers pose for pictures Sept. 17 during traditional ceremonies. From left to right are backup crewmember Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos,, prime crewmembers Nick Hague of NASA and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos and backup crewmember David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency. Hague and Ovchinin will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

With a few snow flurries falling on an otherwise sunny day, Expedition 35-36 Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy of NASA walked through the grounds of the Kremlin in Moscow March 7 during a traditional tour of the Kremlin and Red Square. Cassidy, Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov and Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin are preparing for launch to the International Space Station March 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA / Stephanie Stoll

A NASA Mars Rover Landing banner is seen on the One Times Square video board as NASA's Perseverance rover begins its descent towards the surface of Mars, Thursday, Feb. 18, 2021 in New York City. A key objective for Perseverance’s mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet’s geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith. Photo Credit: (NASA/Emma Howells)

At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 57 crewmember Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred Sept. 17 as part of traditional ceremonies. Ovchinin and Nick Hague of NASA will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

jsc2018e048505 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow May 14, Expedition 56 prime crewmembers Serena Aunon-Chancellor of NASA (left), Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos (center) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures as part of traditional pre-launch activities. They will launch June 6 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-09 spacecraft for a six month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

jsc2019e036801 - At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 60 crewmembers Drew Morgan of NASA (left), Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos (center) ad Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures June 28 during a traditional pre-launch visit. They will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/GCTC.

jsc2019e036815 - With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow’s Red Square providing the backdrop, Expedition 60 crewmember Drew Morgan of NASA poses for pictures June 28 as part of traditional pre-launch activities. Morgan, Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency and Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Beth Weissinger..

jsc2019e052240 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 61 crewmember Jessica Meir of NASA lays flowers where Russian space icons are interred Sept. 5 as part of traditional pre-flight ceremonies. Meir, Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates will launch Sept. 25 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

Expedition 39/40 Flight Engineer Steve Swanson of NASA (front, left), Alexander Samokutyaev of Roscosmos (front, center) and Oleg Artemyev (front, right) arrive at Red Square in Moscow by the Kremlin March 6 for the ceremonial laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall in tribute to Russian space icons who are interred there. Swanson, Skvortsov and Artemyev are preparing for their launch to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 26, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-12M spacecraft for a six-month mission. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

jsc2017e039459 (04/03/2017) --- At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 51 crewmember Jack Fischer of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred during traditional ceremonies April 3. Fischer and Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) will launch April 20 on the Soyuz MS-04 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo: NASA/Rob Navias.

JSC2000-E-27077 (16 October 2000) --- Expedition One crew members in Moscow's Red Square. From left, Soyuz pilot Yuri Gidzenko, flight engineer Sergei Krikalev, and expedition commander William M. (Bill) Shepherd. While in Moscow, the trio also visited the grave of Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin (1934-1968). Paying respects to the first man in space is customary in Russia prior to a spaceflight.

jsc2017e039460 (04/03/2017) --- At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow. Expedition 51 crewmember Jack Fischer of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred during traditional ceremonies April 3. Looking on is his crewmate, Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left)). They will launch April 20 on the Soyuz MS-04 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo: NASA/Rob Navias

Expedition 58 crewmember Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos pays homage in traditional ceremonies Nov. 15 at the Kremlin Wall in Red Square where Russian space icons are interred. At the far left looking on are crewmates Anne McClain of NASA and David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency will launch with Kononenko Dec. 3 on the Soyuz MS-11 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Sarah Volkman.

Enjoying a bright but blustery day with his daughter, Expedition 35-36 Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin (left) strolled through the grounds of the Kremlin in Moscow March 7 with NASA Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy (right). Misurkin, Cassidy and Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov conducted a traditional tour of Red Square and the Kremlin as they prepare for launch to the International Space Station on March 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA / Stephanie Stoll

jsc2018e048501 - Walking in front of St. Basil’s Cathedral at Red Square in Moscow May 14, Expedition 56 crewmembers Serena Aunon-Chancellor of NASA (left), Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos (center) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency (right) prepare to lay flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred. They will launch June 6 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-09 spacecraft for a six month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

At the Kremlin in Moscow, the prime crew for the next launch of Expedition 30 crewmembers to the International Space Station pose for pictures Dec. 1, 2011 in front of the Tsar Cannon following traditional ceremonial activities at Red Square. From left to right are NASA Flight Engineer Don Pettit, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko and Flight Engineer Andre Kuipers of the European Space Agency. The trio will launch Dec. 21 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on their Soyuz TMA-03M spacecraft. Credit: NASA