Expedition 65 backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew member NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 prime crew member, Kate Rubins of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 backup crew member, Mark Vande Hei of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 backup crew member NASA astronaut Anne McClain lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, center, watch as Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, left, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 50 NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2016, in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 50 NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, Oct. 26, 2016, in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, second from left, and backup crew members NASA astronaut Anne McClain, third from left, and Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, second from right watch as prime crew member Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, right, lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021, at Red Square in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 52 backup crew members Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), left, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, center, and Mark Vande Hei of NASA pose for a photograph in front of Saint Basil's Cathedral as they visited Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Randy Bresnik of NASA visit Red Square to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, center, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos (right), NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, visit Red Square to lay flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

From left to right, Expedition 64 backup crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, and Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos pose for a photo at Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov, left, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from left, prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, third from left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, third from right, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, second from right, and backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 65 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, second form left, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, third from left, and backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, third from right, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from right, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Bell in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

From left to right, Expedition 64 prime crew members, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos and Expedition 64 backup crew members, NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, center, and Randy Bresnik of NASA visit Red Square prepare to lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 flight engineers Paolo Nespoli of ESA, left, Randy Bresnik of NASA, Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, and backup crew members, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, Mark Vande Hei of NASA, and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), right, pose for a group photograph in Red Square after having laid roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 backup crew members Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov, left, NASA astronaut Anne McClain, second from left, prime crew members NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, third from left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, third from right, and Russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, second from right, and backup crew member Russian cosmonaut Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photo in front of the Tsar Cannon in Red Square after laying flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 52 flight engineer Randy Bresnik of NASA salutes after laying roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 64 prime crew member Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Thursday, Sept. 24, 2020 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 52 flight engineer Paolo Nespoli of ESA lays roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 backup crew member Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) lays roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 52 backup crew members Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), left, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, center, and Mark Vande Hei of NASA lay roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Monday, July 10, 2017 in Moscow. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 43 NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, left, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), center, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos walk along the Kremlin Wall in Red Square to leave roses at the site where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Friday, March 6, 2015, Moscow, Russia. The trio is preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 43 NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, left, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), center, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos pose for a photograph in front of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, Friday, March 6, 2015. The trio is preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

S74-20831 (November 1973) --- A group of astronauts and their cosmonaut hosts are photographed sightseeing on Red Square in the heart of Moscow during a tour of the Soviet capital. The Americans were in the USSR to participate in Apollo-Soyuz Test Project familiarization training on the Soyuz systems at the Cosmonaut Training Center (Star City) near Moscow. Astronaut Thomas P. Stafford (light coat, black cap), commander of the American ASTP crew, was head of the U.S. delegation to Star City. Astronaut Eugene A. Cernan (on Stafford?s left, light coat) is the Special Assistant to the American Technical Director of ASTP. The sightseeing group is walking in the direction of Lenin?s Mausoleum. The structure in the background is the Cathedral of the Intercession (St. Basil?s) Museum. The historic Kremlin complex is to the right. PHOTO COURTESY: USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Expedition 43 prime and backup crews pose for a photograph together in front of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies, from left, Expedition 43 backup crew members; NASA Astronaut Jeff Williams, Russian cosmonaut Sergei Volkov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Russian cosmonaut Alexei Ovchinin of Roscosmos, Expedition 43 prime crew members; NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly, Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka of Roscosmos, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko of Roscosmos, Friday, March 6, 2015. Kelly, Padalka, and Kornienko are preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 65 backup crew member, Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Mark Vande Hei of NASA signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 backup crew member, Anne McClain of NASA signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as her crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

Expedition 65 prime crew member, Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos signs a guest book at the "Memorial working study of Yuri Gagarin" at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC), as his crew mates watch, Wednesday, March 24, 2021 in Star City, Russia. The memorial study represents Gagarin's working study in the way it was abandoned by Gagarin on March 27, 1968 before leaving for the airfield for training flight that became his last. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Christina Koch of NASA (left), Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (center) and Nick Hague of NASA (right) pose for pictures Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Christina Koch of NASA (left), Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (center) and Nick Hague of NASA (right) pose for pictures Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers at the Kremlin Wall. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow providing a wintry backdrop, Expedition 59 crewmembers Nick Hague of NASA (left), Christina Koch of NASA (center) and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (right) walk toward the Kremlin Wall Feb. 21 prior to the ceremonial laying of flowers. They will launch March 14, U.S. time, on the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

Cleveland’s Terminal Tower as seen from Public Square was lit up “Mars Red” leading up the Perseverance Rover’s arrival on Mars Wednesday night February 18th and Thursday morning.

Shown here is a representation of the 21 sample tubes (containing rock, regolith, atmosphere, and witness materials) that have been sealed to date by NASA's Perseverance Mars rover. Red dots indicate the locations where each sample was collected. Squares outlined in red show the texture of an area about 2 inches (5 centimeters) across on a particular rock sample after it was worn down by the rover's abrasion tool (with the exception of "Observation Mountain," which is an image of the surface of a pile of regolith, or broken rock and dust). The one or two squares immediately to the right of each red-outlined square shows an image of the top of each sample tube after the sample was acquired. A key objective for Perseverance's mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet's geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith (broken rock and dust). Subsequent NASA missions, in cooperation with ESA (European Space Agency), would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and return them to Earth for in-depth analysis. The Mars 2020 Perseverance mission is part of NASA's Moon to Mars exploration approach, which includes Artemis missions to the Moon that will help prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet. https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25674

jsc2017e136059 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmembers Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left), Scott Tingle of NASA (center) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA, right) pose for pictures in front of St. Basil’s Cathedral in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136060 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Kanai, Scott Tingle of NASA and Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136058 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Scott Tingle of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Tingle, Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136054 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmember Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Shkaplerov, Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Scott Tingle of NASA will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136055 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 backup crewmember Jeanette Epps of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. Looking on are backup crewmembers Sergey Prokopyev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency. They are backups to Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Scott Tingle of NASA and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), who will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136056 - On a snowy night at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 54-55 crewmembers Scott Tingle of NASA (left), Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, center) and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA, right) pose for pictures at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e136057 - On a snowy night at Red Square Moscow, Expedition 54-55 backup crewmembers Sergey Prokopyev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, left), Jeanette Epps of NASA (center) and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency (right) pay homage at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch ceremonies Nov. 30. They are backups to Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Scott Tingle of NASA and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), who will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft Dec. 17 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg (right) takes a stroll through Red Square in Moscow in front of a grandstand and the Kremlin May 8 with her husband, astronaut Doug Hurley (left) and their son. Red Square was decorated for commemorative activity in honor of Russian Victor Day May 9. Nyberg, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg (right) takes a stroll through Red Square in Moscow May 8 in front of a grandstand with her husband, astronaut Doug Hurley (left) and their son. Red Square was decorated for commemorative activity in honor of Russian Victor Day May 9. Nyberg, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

February 17, 2021, The Terminal Tower is illuminated in red to commemorate the Landing of NASA’s Perseverance Rover on the surface of Mars, February 18, 2021. Terminal Tower is a 52-story, (771 ft), landmark skyscraper located on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland is also the home of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

STS078-760-010 (20 June - 7 July 1996) --- As photographed with color infrared film by the crew of the Space Shuttle Columbia, the capital of the United States of America (the right of center) is located at the head of the navigable portion of the Potomac River. The Potomac separates the capital from Virginia to the southwest. It covers an area of 68-square-mile (177-square-kilometers). Andrews Air Force Base is seen east southwest of Washington D.C. at the right edge of the photo. Dulles International Airport is located west of the city on the left edge of the photo. Green vegetation shows up as red in the color infrared image.

At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 46-47 crewmember Tim Kopra of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred in a ceremony Nov. 23. Looking on from left to right are backup crewmember Anatoly Ivanishin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and prime crewmembers Tim Peake of the European Space Agency and Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos. Peake, Malenchenko and Kopra will launch on Dec. 15 on the Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Seth Marcantel

With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow serving as a backdrop, Expedition 46-47 crewmembers Tim Kopra of NASA (left), Yuri Malenchenko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos, center) and Tim Peake of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures Nov. 23 after laying flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred. Peake, Malenchenko and Kopra will launch on Dec. 15 on the Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Seth Marcantel

With the famed Tsar Bell in the background, Expedition 35-36 Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy of NASA posed for pictures March 7 during a traditional tour of the Kremlin and Red Square in Moscow. Cassidy, Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov and Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin are preparing for launch to the International Space Station March 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA / Stephanie Stoll

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency, a major in the Italian Air Force, salutes in tribute to Russian space icons interred in the Kremlin Wall during a tour of Red Square and the Kremlin in Moscow May 8. Parmitano, Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg of NASA and Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA (left), Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov (center) and Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency pose for pictures in front of the famed St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 as they conducted traditional activities in advance of their launch June 8 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan in the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft to the International Space Station.

1069: At the Kremlin Wall in Moscow’s Red Square, Expedition 40/41 Soyuz Commander Max Suraev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) lays flowers May 8 at the spot where Yuri Gagarin, the first human to fly in space, is interred. Suraev, Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency and Reid Wiseman of NASA are preparing for launch May 29, Kazakh time, in the Soyuz TMA-13M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a 5 ½ month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA (left), Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (center) and Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov (right) pose for pictures May 16, 2011 after laying flowers and conducting other traditional activities. The trio will be launched June 8 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft to the International Space Station.

With famed St. Basil’s Cathedral serving as a backdrop, Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg of NASA (left), Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin (center) and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures May 8 during a ceremonial tour of Red Square in Moscow. Nyberg, Yurchikhin and Parmitano are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

Striking a pose in front of St. Basil’s Cathedral at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 39/40 crewmembers Steve Swanson of NASA (left), Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos (center) and Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos (right) took time from ceremonial activities March 6 for a photo opportunity. Swanson, Skvortsov and Artemyev are preparing for their launch to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 26, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-12M spacecraft for a six-month mission. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 57 crewmembers Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos (left) and Nick Hague of NASA (right) pose for pictures Sept. 17 as part of traditional prelaunch activities. Hague and Ovchinin will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

A NASA Mars Rover Landing banner is seen on the One Times Square video board as NASA's Perseverance rover begins its descent towards the surface of Mars, Thursday, Feb. 18, 2021 in New York City. A key objective for Perseverance’s mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet’s geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith. Photo Credit: (NASA/Emma Howells)

At the Kremlin Wall in Moscow, Expedition 30 Flight Engineer Anatoly Ivanishin laid flowers October 24, 2011 in a traditional ceremony during the tour of Red Square he and his crewmates conducted prior to their launch to the International Space Station November 14 on the Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ivanishin, Expedition Commander Dan Burbank of NASA and Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov will arrive in Baikonur October 31 for final pre-launch preparations. Credit: NASA

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 and he and his crewmates conducted traditional activities in advance of their launch June 8 in the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for the International Space Station. Fossum will be launched with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa and Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov.

jsc2018e008068 - At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 55 crewmember Drew Feustel of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch activities Feb. 22. Feustel, Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos and Ricky Arnold of NASA will launch March 21 on the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Andrey Shelepin and Irina Spektor .

With St. Basil’s Cathedral serving as a backdrop, Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg of NASA (left), Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin (center) and Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency (right) pose for pictures during a traditional tour of Red Square in Moscow May 8. The three crewmembers are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

jsc2019e036814 - With St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow’s Red Square providing the backdrop, Expedition 60 crewmember Drew Morgan of NASA poses for pictures June 28 as part of traditional pre-launch activities. Morgan, Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency and Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos will launch July 20 on the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Beth Weissinger.

jsc2018e008064 - At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 55 crewmembers Ricky Arnold of NASA (left), Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos (center) and Drew Feustel of NASA (right) pose for pictures by the Kremlin Wall Feb. 22 in traditional pre-launch activities. They will launch March 21 on the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Andrey Shelepin and Irina Spektor .

jsc2018e048503 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow May 14, Expedition 56 crewmember Serena Aunon-Chancellor of NASA lays flowers where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies. Aunon-Chancellor, Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos and Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency will launch June 6 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-09 spacecraft for a six month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger.

At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 37/38 Flight Engineer Michael Hopkins of NASA lays flowers Sept. 6 in a traditional ceremony to honor Russian space icons who are interred there. Hopkins, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kotov and Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy are preparing for their launch to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Sept. 26, Kazakh time, aboard the Soyuz TMA-10M spacecraft. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 57 crewmember Nick Hague of NASA salutes after laying flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional ceremonies Sept. 17. Hague and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Sarah Volkman.

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency takes a stroll through Red Square in Moscow in front of St. Basil’s Cathedral May 8 with his wife, Kathy Dillow, and their daughters. Parmitano, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg of NASA are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 37/38 Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy lays flowers Sept. 6 in a traditional ceremony to honor Russian space icons who are interred there. Ryazanskiy, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kotov and Flight Engineer Michael Hopkins of NASA are preparing for their launch to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Sept. 26, Kazakh time, aboard the Soyuz TMA-10M spacecraft. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

JSC2000-E-27077 (16 October 2000) --- Expedition One crew members in Moscow's Red Square. From left, Soyuz pilot Yuri Gidzenko, flight engineer Sergei Krikalev, and expedition commander William M. (Bill) Shepherd. While in Moscow, the trio also visited the grave of Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin (1934-1968). Paying respects to the first man in space is customary in Russia prior to a spaceflight.

Expedition 28 Flight Engineer Mike Fossum of NASA poses for pictures in front of the famed St. Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square in Moscow May 16, 2011 as he and his crewmates conducted traditional activities in advance of their launch June 8 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan in the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft to the International Space Station. Fossum will launch with Soyuz Commander Sergei Volkov and Flight Engineer Satoshi Furukawa of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to spend almost six months on the complex.

jsc2019e052245 - At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 61 crewmember Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos lays flowers where Russian space icons are interred Sept. 5 as part of traditional pre-flight ceremonies. Skripochka, Jessica Meir of NASA and spaceflight participant Hazzaa Ali Almansoori of the United Arab Emirates will launch Sept. 25 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft for a mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

jsc2017e114488 (Sept. 1, 2017) --- Expedition 53-54 prime crewmember Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos (foreground) and his backup and fellow cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov lay flowers at the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow Sept. 1 as part of traditional pre-launch ceremonies. Misurkin and Joe Acaba and Mark Vande Hei of NASA will launch Sept. 13 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan Sept. 13 on the Soyuz MS-06 spacecraft for a five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: NASA/Elizabeth Weissinger

jsc2018e008062 - At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 55 crewmember Oleg Artemyev lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred in traditional pre-launch activities Feb. 22. Artemyev, Drew Feustel of NASA and Ricky Arnold of NASA will launch March 21 on the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Andrey Shelepin and Irina Spektor .

At Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 57 crewmember Nick Hague of NASA lays flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred as part of traditional ceremonies Sept. 17. Hague and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos will launch Oct. 11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on the Soyuz MS-10 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station...Andrey Shelepin and Irina Spektor/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.

During a traditional tour of Red Square in Moscow March 7, Expedition 35-36 Soyuz Commander Pavel Vinogradov laid flowers at the Kremlin Wall where Russian space icons are interred. Vinogradov, NASA Flight Engineer Chris Cassidy and Flight Engineer Alexander Misurkin will launch to the International Space Station March 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. NASA / Stephanie Stoll

4108: At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 42/43 crewmember Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency lays flowers Nov. 6 at the site where Russian space icons are interred. Cristoforetti, Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Terry Virts of NASA will launch Nov. 24, Kazakh time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on their Soyuz TMA-15M spacecraft for a 5 ½ month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

At the Kremlin Wall at Red Square in Moscow where Russian space icons are interred, Expedition 32/33 Flight Engineer Aki Hoshide of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency laid flowers June 22, 2012 as part of the traditional ceremonies prior to launch July 15 to the International Space Station. Hoshide, along with NASA Flight Engineer Sunita Williams and Soyuz Commander Yuri Malenchenko will fly to the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan July 2 for final preparations for their launch in the Soyuz TMA-05M spacecraft. Credit: NASA/Stephanie Stoll

jsc2017e039459 (04/03/2017) --- At the Kremlin Wall in Red Square in Moscow, Expedition 51 crewmember Jack Fischer of NASA lays flowers at the site where Russian space icons are interred during traditional ceremonies April 3. Fischer and Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) will launch April 20 on the Soyuz MS-04 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo: NASA/Rob Navias.

Expedition 36/37 Flight Engineer Karen Nyberg of NASA shares a quiet moment with her son during a tour of the Kremlin and Red Square in Moscow May 8. Nyberg, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and European Space Agency Flight Engineer Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency are preparing for their launch May 29, Kazakh time, in their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. NASA/Stephanie Stoll