NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to visitors at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to visitors at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to visitors at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to visitors at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to visitors at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to seventh graders from Clear Spring Middle School at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to seventh graders from Clear Spring Middle School at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Astronaut Mike Hopkins explains what it was like to live on the International Space Station for 6 months to seventh graders from Clear Spring Middle School at the Maryland Science Center in Baltimore, MD on Monday, June 9, 2014. Hopkins served on Expeditions 37 and 38 with Russian cosmonauts Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy and returned home in March, 2014. (Photo Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

iss072e146329 (Nov. 6, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Flight Engineer Butch Wilmore works on science maintenance tasks inside the International Space Station's Kibo laboratory module.

iss071e414653 (Aug. 1, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 71 Flight Engineer Jeanette Epps processes blood and saliva samples aboard the International Space Station's Harmony module. She stowed the specimens in a science freezer and the Kubik research incubator for future retrieval and later analysis. The weightless environment of the orbital outpost allows investigators to explore how living in space long term affects humans and gain insights not possible in Earth’s gravity conditions.

Director General of JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

Director General of JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

Director General of JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

Director General of JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

Director General of JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

iss072e035693 (Oct. 11, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Flight Engineer Mike Barratt stows research samples in a science freezer, also known as the Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI). MELFI can preserve biological samples such as blood, microbes, plants, and more for retrieval and later analysis.

iss073e0000313 (April 21, 2025) --- JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut and Expedition 73 Commander Takuya Onishi inspects science hardware inside the Kibo laboratory module's Solid Combustion Experiment Module, a space fire safety research facility, aboard the International Space Station.

jsc2024e040812 (June 7, 2024) --- Juliane Gross, curation lead for the Artemis Internal Science Team, leads a geology lesson for the Artemis II crew at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston. Artemis II crew members pictured are, from left, Canadian Space Agency (CSA) astronauts Jenni Gibbons and Jeremey Hansen, along with NASA astronauts Victor Glover, and Christina Koch.

iss072e098102 (Oct. 23, 2024) -- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Flight Engineer Don Pettit is pictured setting up one of his "Science of Opportunity" experiments aboard the International Space Station. For this specific experiment, Pettit grew thin wafers of water ice using the orbiting lab's freezer, and photographed them in front of a white, blank computer screen and polarizing filter to display the colorful fragments of ice crystals.

iss072e861307 (March 27, 2025) --- JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut and Expediion 72 Flight Engineer Takuya Onishi inserts a cryogenic storage unit, called a dewar, containing blood samples collected from a crew member into a science freezer for preservation and later analysis. The Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for International Space Station, or MELFI, is a research freezer that maintains experiment samples at ultra-cold temperatures in microgravity.

iss072e404007 (Dec. 27, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Flight Engineer Don Pettit stows plant samples inside a science freezer aboard the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. Also called MELFI, or the Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS, the cold stowage research device preserves experiment samples at ultra-cold temperatures in microgravity for later return to Earth and analysis.

iss072e308289 (Dec. 2, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Commander Suni Williams displays science hardware housing bacteria and yeast samples for the Rhodium Biomanufacturing 03 study that may enable the production of food and medicine in space. Williams was in the cupola, the International Space Station's "window to the world," as the orbital outpost soared 258 miles above a cloudy Pacific Ocean off the coast of Costa Rica.

iss073e0032794 (May 16, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim swaps hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss073e0030873 (May 14, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers swaps hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss072e808609 (March 20, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 72 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers inserts a cryogenic storage unit, called a dewar, containing blood samples collected from a crew member into a science freezer for preservation and later analysis. The Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for International Space Station, or MELFI, is a research freezer that maintains experiment samples at ultra-cold temperatures in microgravity.

iss073e0025362 (May 7, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers swaps hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss073e0982894 (Oct. 28, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke poses for a portrait next to the Microgravity Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station’s Destiny laboratory module. Fincke had just completed configuring research hardware for the Zero Boil-Off Tank physics investigation, which explores methods for storing cryogenic fluids. The experiment supports advancements in spacecraft propulsion and life support systems, as well as biotechnological, medical, and industrial applications on Earth.

iss073e0424037 (Aug. 7, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke inserts a cryogenic storage unit, called a dewar, containing blood samples collected from a crew member into a science freezer for preservation and later analysis. The Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for International Space Station, or MELFI, is a research freezer that maintains experiment samples at ultra-cold temperatures in microgravity.

iss073e0548958 (Aug. 29, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke inserts a cryogenic storage unit, called a dewar, containing blood samples collected from a crew member into a science freezer for preservation and later analysis. The Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for International Space Station, or MELFI, is a research freezer that maintains experiment samples at ultra-cold temperatures in microgravity.

iss073e0606547 (Sept. 4, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke poses for a portrait in front of the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) inside the International Space Station’s Destiny laboratory. Fincke installed the Colloidal Solids research hardware in the MSG to explore pharmaceutical manufacturing and 3D printing techniques in microgravity—research that could advance human health both in space and on Earth.

iss073e0759779 (Sept. 2, 2025) --- A top-down view inside the Destiny laboratory module’s Microgravity Science Glovebox shows the gloved arms and hands of NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Zena Cardman. She was processing bone marrow stem cell samples for the Microgravity Associated Bone Loss-B (MABL-B) experiment. The space biology investigation could help scientists better understand the molecular mechanisms behind space-caused bone loss and the natural aging process on Earth.

The members of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics visited the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) on March 9, 1962 to gather first-hand information of the nation's space exploration program. The congressional group was composed of members of the Subcommittee on Marned Space Flight. Headed by Representative Olin E. Teague of Texas, other members were James G. Fulton, Pennsylvania; Ken Heckler, West Virginia; R. Walter Riehlman, New York; Richard L. Roudebush,, Indiana; John W. Davis, Georgia; James C. Corman, California; Joseph Waggoner, Louisiana; J. Edgar Chenoweth, Colorado; and William G. Bray, Indiana.

The members of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics visited the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) on March 9, 1962 to gather first-hand information of the nation's space exploration program. The congressional group was composed of members of the Subcommittee on Marned Space Flight. Headed by Representative Olin E. Teague of Texas, other members were James G. Fulton, Pennsylvania; Ken Heckler, West Virginia; R. Walter Riehlman, New York; Richard L. Roudebush, Indiana; John W. Davis, Georgia; James C. Corman, California; Joseph Waggoner, Louisiana; J. Edgar Chenoweth, Colorado; and William G. Bray, Indiana.

iss073e0886402 (Oct. 17) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim works inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) aboard the International Space Station’s Destiny laboratory module. Kim is seen stowing research hardware used in the Colloidal Solids physics experiment, which investigates how tiny particles—colloids—and proteins suspended in water behave in microgravity. The results may inform plant growth techniques, 3D printing technologies, and pharmaceutical manufacturing in space. On Earth, the findings could benefit the food, personal care, and healthcare industries.

Astronaut Rex Walheim spoke at the USA Science and Engineering Festival on April 25, 2014 at the NASA Stage. The festival was open to the public on April 26 and 27, 2014 and was held at the Washington Convention Center in Washington, DC. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Jonny Kim is seen in the audience as MSIT Minister Jong-Ho Lee delivers remarks prior to the singing of a joint statement between NASA and the Ministry of Science and ICT of the Republic of Korea, Tuesday, April 25, 2023, at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Astronaut Rex Walheim spoke at the USA Science and Engineering Festival on April 25, 2014 at the NASA Stage. The festival was open to the public on April 26 and 27, 2014 and was held at the Washington Convention Center in Washington, DC. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Astronaut Rex Walheim spoke at the USA Science and Engineering Festival on April 25, 2014. The festival was open to the public on April 26 and 27, 2014 and was held at the Washington Convention Center in Washington, DC. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

JSC2005-E-36545 (26 August 2005) --- Astronaut William S. McArthur, Jr., Expedition 12 commander and NASA Space Station science officer, attired in a Russian Sokol suit, pauses from a busy training schedule in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronaut Steve Bowen speaks at the Microgravity Science Summit at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Monday, Dec. 13, 2024 in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

S85-26582 (Feb 1985) --- Training on the rebreathing assembly, astronaut James P. Bagian, STS-40 mission specialist, inhales a predetermined gas composition. A gas analyzer mass spectrometer determines the composition of the gases he exhales. The rebreathing assembly and gas analyzer system are part of an investigation that explores how lung function is altered. Dr. Bagian will be joined by two other mission specialists, the mission commander, the pilot and two payload specialists for the scheduled 10-day Spacelab Life Sciences-1 (SLS-1) mission. The flight is totally dedicated to biological and medical experimentation.

The members of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics visited the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) on March 9, 1962 to gather firsthand information of the nation’s space exploration program. The congressional group was composed of members of the Subcommittee on Manned Space Flight. Standing at the Apollo Applications Program Cluster Model in building 4745 are (left-to-right): Dr. Wernher von Braun, MSFC; Congressman Joe D. Waggoner, Democratic representative of Louisiana; Congressman Earle Cabell, Democratic representative of Texas; Subcommittee Chairman Olin E. Teague, Democratic representative of Texas; Congressman James G. Fulton, Republican representative of Pennsylvania; and Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger, associate MSFC director for science. The subcommittee was briefed on MSFC’s manned space efforts earlier in the day and then inspected mockups of the Saturn I Workshop and the Apollo Telescope Mount, two projects developed by MSFC for the post-Apollo program.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough sings the national anthem during opening ceremonies of a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough surveys what students in the tech crew in the Space Shuttle Simulator room are doing during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Principal of Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Mary Begley, greets NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, U.S. Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., center, and NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Principle of Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Mary Begley, shows NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur, right, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, left, the school's aquarium, during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

iss073e0033654 (May 19, 2025) --- JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut and Expedition 73 Commander Takuya Onishi services hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss073e0032802 (May 16, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim services hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss073e0071487 (May 15, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers swaps sample cartridges inside the Material Science Laboratory (MSL) that supports high temperature space physics research using furnaces aboard the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. The properties of many types of materials such as metals, alloys, polymers, semiconductors, ceramics, crystals, and glasses, can be studied in the MSL to discover new applications for existing materials and new or improved materials.

iss073e0118821 (May 30, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers conducts research operations inside the Kibo laboratory module's Life Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station. Ayers was processing samples of deep-sea bacteria to test a specialized 3D microscope for its ability to monitor water quality, detect potentially infectious organisms, and study liquid mixtures and microorganisms in space and on Earth.

iss073e0118830 (May 30, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers conducts research operations inside the Kibo laboratory module's Life Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station. Ayers was processing samples of deep-sea bacteria to test a specialized 3D microscope for its ability to monitor water quality, detect potentially infectious organisms, and study liquid mixtures and microorganisms in space and on Earth.

iss073e0011100 (May 5, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Anne McClain swaps hardware that promotes physical science and crystalization research inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4 (ADSEP-4) aboard the International Space Station. The ADSEP-4 is supporting a technology demonstration potentially enabling the synthesis of medications during deep space missions and improving the pharmaceutical industry on Earth.

iss073e0222456 (June 27, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim removes research hardware from inside the Materials Science Laboratory (MSL) located inside the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. The MSL uses two different furnaces that operate one at a time to discover new applications for existing materials, such as metals, alloys, polymers, and new or improved materials.

iss073e0253837 (July 1, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers poses for a portrait as she removes physics research hardware from inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox located inside the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. Ayers was completing operations with the Ring Sheared Drop investigation that may benefit pharmaceutical manufacturing techniques and 3D printing in space.

iss073e0253839 (July 1, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers removes physics research hardware from inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox located inside the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. Ayers was completing operations with the Ring Sheared Drop investigation that may benefit pharmaceutical manufacturing techniques and 3D printing in space.

iss073e1046752 (Oct. 31, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke conducts research operations inside the Life Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station’s Kibo laboratory module. Fincke was assisting scientists in studying the behavior, growth, and differentiation of stem cells, and how they can be converted into brain or heart cells in microgravity. The results could lead to advancements in crew health monitoring and drug manufacturing in space, as well as new treatments for heart and neurodegenerative diseases on Earth.

iss073e0548846 (Aug. 28, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Zena Cardman processes bone cell samples inside the Kibo laboratory module's Life Science Glovebox. She was exploring the molecular mechanisms of space-induced bone loss for an investigation that could help the human skeletal system adapt to spaceflight and lead to advanced treatments for aging conditions and bone diseases on Earth.

iss073e0548857 (Aug. 28, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedtion 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim processes bone cell samples inside the Kibo laboratory module's Life Science Glovebox. He was exploring the molecular mechanisms of space-induced bone loss for an investigation that could help the human skeletal system adapt to spaceflight and lead to advanced treatments for aging conditions and bone diseases on Earth.

From left to right, NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, are seen during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide answers a question at the conclusion of a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School with crew mates NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Members of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics visited the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) on January 3, 1962 to gather firsthand information of the nation’s space exploration program. The congressional group was composed of members of the Subcommittee on Manned Space Flight. Shown here at MSFC’s Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory are (left to right): Dr. Eberhard Rees, MSFC; Congressman George P. Miller, Democratic representative of California; Congressman F. Edward Hebert, Democratic representative of Louisiana; Congressman Robert R. Casey, Democratic representative of Texas; and Werner Kuers, MSFC.

The members of the House Committee on Science and Astronautics visited the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) on March 9, 1962 to gather firsthand information of the nation's space exploration program. The congressional group was composed of members of the Subcommittee on Manned Space Flight. They were briefed on MSFC's manned space efforts earlier in the day and then inspected mockups of the Saturn I Workshop and the Apollo Telescope Mount, two projects developed by MSFC for the post-Apollo program. Pictured left-to-right are Dieter Grau, MSFC; Konrad Dannenberg, MSFC; James G. Fulton, Republican representative for Pennsylvania; Joe Waggoner, Democratic representative for Louisiana; and Dr. Wernher von Braun, Director of MSFC.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Astronaut Weitz assists Astronaut Kerwin with blood pressure cuff. Skylab-2 mission duration 5/25/73 thru 6/22/73.

iss073e0178587 (June 16, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Nichole Ayers conducts research operations inside the Destiny laboratory module's Microgravity Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station. Ayers swapped syringes containing protein samples and installed test cells inside the glovebox for the Ring-Sheared Drop Interfacial Bioprocessing of Pharmaceuticals investigation that explores using surface tension to contain liquids and study proteins without contacting solid walls. Results may benefit pharmaceutical manufacturing and 3D printing techniques on and off the Earth.

iss073e0177791 (June 12, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Jonny Kim conducts research operations inside the Destiny laboratory module's Microgravity Science Glovebox aboard the International Space Station. Kim swapped syringes containing protein samples and installed test cells inside the glovebox for the Ring-Sheared Drop Interfacial Bioprocessing of Pharmaceuticals investigation that explores using surface tension to contain liquids and study proteins without contacting solid walls. Results may benefit pharmaceutical manufacturing and 3D printing techniques on and off the Earth.

iss073e0886460 (Oct. 20, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Zena Cardman installs research hardware inside the Destiny laboratory module’s Microgravity Science Glovebox. The equipment supports the Fluid Particles experiment, which helps researchers understand how particles in a liquid interface come together to form larger structures or clusters in microgravity. Results could advance fire suppression, lunar dust control, and plant growth in space. Earth benefits may include insights into pollen behavior, algae blooms, plastic pollution, and sea salt transfer during storms.

iss073e0917010 (Oct. 21, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 73 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke gives a thumbs-up in front of the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) inside the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory module. Fincke had just completed research operations for the Fluid Particles experiment, which helps researchers understand how particles in a liquid interface come together to form larger structures or clusters in microgravity. Results could advance fire suppression, lunar dust control, and plant growth in space. Earth benefits may include insights into pollen behavior, algae blooms, plastic pollution, and sea salt transfer during storms.

Arlington Science Focus Elementary School teacher Charles Harvey looks over the shoulder of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Megan McArthur, while she surveys what students in the tech crew in the Space Shuttle Simulator room are doing during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide speaks with students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide speaks with students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide surveys what students in the tech crew in the Space Shuttle Simulator room are doing during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, speaks to students during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronaut Shane Kimbrough surveys what students in the tech crew in the Space Shuttle Simulator room are doing during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Principal of Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Mary Begley, second from right, introduces NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, and NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, to the Space Shuttle Simulator during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Arlington Science Focus Elementary School teacher, Charles Harvey, right, speaks to NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, and U.S. Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., in the Space Shuttle Simulator room, during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

From left to right, NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, Principal of Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Mary Begley, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, and U.S. Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va. pose for a photo during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA astronauts, Reid Wiseman, left, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen, right, watch as Jared Isaacman, President Donald Trump’s nominee to be the next administrator of NASA, appears before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Wednesday, April 9, 2025, at the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronauts, Reid Wiseman, left, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen, watch as Jared Isaacman, President Donald Trump’s nominee to be the next administrator of NASA, appears before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Wednesday, April 9, 2025, at the Russell Senate Office Building in Washington. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

U.S. Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., left, greets NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and NASA’s SpaceX Crew-2 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur and Shane Kimbrough, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, during a visit to Arlington Science Focus Elementary School, Friday, June 10, 2022, in Arlington, Virginia. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

STS030-02-018 (4-8 May 1989) --- A 35mm overall scene of the operations devoted to the fluids experiment apparatus (FEA) aboard Atlantis for NASA’s STS-30 mission. Astronaut Mary L. Cleave, mission specialist, is seen with the computer which is instrumental in the carrying out of a variety of materials science experiments. Rockwell International is engaged in a joint endeavor agreement with NASA’s Office of Commercial Programs in the field of floating zone crystal growth and purification research. The March 1987 agreement provides for microgravity experiments to be performed in the company’s Microgravity Laboratory, the FEA. An 8 mm camcorder which documented details inside the apparatus is visible at bottom of the frame.

S61-02579 (1961) --- Astronaut nurse Delores B. O'Hara, R.N., in the Aeromedical Laboratory at Cape Canaveral, Florida, takes a blood sample from Mercury astronaut John H. Glenn Jr. Photo credit: NASA

This set of artist concepts shows NASA Mars Science Laboratory cruise capsule and NASA Orion spacecraft, which is being built now at NASA Johnson Space Center and will one day send astronauts to Mars.

Onboard Space Shuttle Endeavour (STS-67) astronaut John Grunsfeld works at a laptop computer while wearing a headset. Commander Stephen Oswald watches Grunsfeld and Pilot Bill Gregory reads a checklist on the shuttle mid-deck.