The Signs of the Times

Mercury Shows Signs of Aging

Are Ripples a Sign of Water?

Circular Signs of the Rock Abrasion Tool

Signs of Landscape Modifications at Martian Crater

Signs of Fluids and Ice in Acidalia Planitia

Signs of Eolian and Periglacial Activity at Vastitas Borealis

NASA Glenn Research Center Sign at the Intersection of NASA Parkway and Broiokpark Road. The sign reads: For The Benefit Of All

The families of Expedition 51 Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA and Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos laugh together before watching the traditional door signing ceremony at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to the Expedition 51 launch, Thursday, April 20, 2017 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for 1:13pm April 20 Baikonur time, and will carry Yurchikhin and Fischer into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 51 Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mate, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos, Thursday, April 20, 2017 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for 1:13pm April 20 Baikonur time, and will carry Yurchikhin and Fischer into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 51 Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mate Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA, Thursday, April 20, 2017 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for 1:13pm April 20 Baikonur time, and will carry Yurchikhin and Fischer into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 51 Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mate Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA, Thursday, April 20, 2017 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for 1:13pm April 20 Baikonur time, and will carry Yurchikhin and Fischer into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 51 Flight Engineer Jack Fischer of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mate, Soyuz Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos, Thursday, April 20, 2017 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for 1:13pm April 20 Baikonur time, and will carry Yurchikhin and Fischer into orbit to begin their four and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 58 Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Flight Engineer Anne McClain of NASA and Flight Engineer David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Monday, Dec. 3, 2018, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the same day and will carry Kononenko, McClain, and Saint-Jacques into orbit to begin their six and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 58 Flight Engineer Anne McClain of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos, and Flight Engineer David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Monday, Dec. 3, 2018, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the same day and will carry McClain, Kononenko, and Saint-Jacques into orbit to begin their six and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 58 Flight Engineer Anne McClain of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos, and Flight Engineer David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Monday, Dec. 3, 2018, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the same day and will carry McClain, Kononenko, and Saint-Jacques into orbit to begin their six and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 41 Flight Engineer Barry Wilmore of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mates, Soyuz Commander Alexander Samokutyaev and Flight Engineer Elena Serova of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Thursday, Sept. 25, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the early hours of Sept. 26 Kazakhstan time and will carry Wilmore, Samokutyaev, and Serova into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 41 Flight Engineer Elena Serova of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crew mates, Soyuz Commander Alexander Samokutyaev of Roscosmos and Flight Engineer Barry Wilmore of NASA, Thursday, Sept. 25, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the early hours of Sept. 26 Kazakhstan time and will carry Serova, Wilmore, and Samokutyaev into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Serova will become the fourth Russian woman to fly in space and the first Russian woman to live and work on the station. Photo Credit (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Holden Crater Megabreccia: A Telltale Sign of a Sudden and Violent Event

Expedition 58 Flight Engineer David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) poses for a photo after performing the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos, and Flight Engineer Anne McClain of NASA, Monday, Dec. 3, 2018, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the same day and will carry Saint-Jacques, McClain, and Kononenko into orbit to begin their six and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 58 Flight Engineer David Saint-Jacques of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko of Roscosmos, and Flight Engineer Anne McClain of NASA, Monday, Dec. 3, 2018, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the same day and will carry Saint-Jacques, McClain, and Kononenko into orbit to begin their six and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 42 Flight Engineer Terry Virts of NASA performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Flight Engineer Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency (ESA), Sunday, Nov. 23, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the early hours of Nov. 24 Kazakhstan time and will carry Virts, Shkaplerov, and Cristoforetti into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 42 Flight Engineer Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency (ESA), performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Flight Engineer Terry Virts of NASA, Sunday, Nov. 23, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the early hours of Nov. 24 Kazakhstan time and will carry Cristoforetti, Virts, and Shkaplerov into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Expedition 42 Soyuz Commander Anton Shkaplerov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) performs the traditional door signing at the Cosmonaut Hotel prior to departing the hotel for launch in a Soyuz rocket with fellow crewmates, Flight Engineers Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Terry Virts of NASA, Sunday, Nov. 23, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for the early hours of Nov. 24 Kazakhstan time and will carry Shkaplerov, Cristoforetti, and Virts into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, is interviewed by Greek television after he signed a joint statement with the Hellenic Space Agency (HSA) CEO, Dr. Georgios Mantzouris, at the Space Symposium, Monday, April 8, 2019 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Dr. Mantzouris expressed a desire to remain open to opportunities for collaboration, both through Greece’s contributions to the European Space Agency, of which it has been a member since 2005, and bilaterally. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

View of road sign pointing in the direction of the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center.

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, signs a joint statement with the Hellenic Space Agency (HSA) CEO, Dr. Georgios Mantzouris, at the Space Symposium, Monday, April 8, 2019 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Dr. Mantzouris expressed a desire to remain open to opportunities for collaboration, both through Greece’s contributions to the European Space Agency, of which it has been a member since 2005, and bilaterally. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, signs a joint statement with the Hellenic Space Agency (HSA) CEO, Dr. Georgios Mantzouris, at the Space Symposium, Monday, April 8, 2019 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Dr. Mantzouris expressed a desire to remain open to opportunities for collaboration, both through Greece’s contributions to the European Space Agency, of which it has been a member since 2005, and bilaterally. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, exchanges a joint statement with the Hellenic Space Agency (HSA) CEO, Dr. Georgios Mantzouris, during a signing ceremony at the Space Symposium, Monday, April 8, 2019 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Dr. Mantzouris expressed a desire to remain open to opportunities for collaboration, both through Greece’s contributions to the European Space Agency, of which it has been a member since 2005, and bilaterally. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, holds up a joint statement with the Hellenic Space Agency (HSA) CEO, Dr. Georgios Mantzouris, after a signing ceremony at the Space Symposium, Monday, April 8, 2019 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Dr. Mantzouris expressed a desire to remain open to opportunities for collaboration, both through Greece’s contributions to the European Space Agency, of which it has been a member since 2005, and bilaterally. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

With its rim eroded off by catastrophic floods in Tiu Vallis and its strangely angular shape, this 12 km about 7.5 mile diameter crater imaged by NASA Mars Odyssey spacecraft looks vaguely like a stop sign.

Signs of Soft-Sediment Deformation at Slickrock

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson presents Foreign Affairs Minister for the Czech Republic Jan Lipavský with a signed photograph of the Orion spacecraft against the Moon and Earth following the signing of the Artemis Accords on, Wednesday, May 3, 2023, at The Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington DC. The Czech Republic is the twenty fourth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Aerospace engineer and research pilot Tracy Phelps signs the ceiling inside the DC-8 aircraft. Phelps piloted the aircraft’s final flight before it is retired from NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center Building 703 in Palmdale, California, to Idaho State University in Pocatello, Idaho. The DC-8 will provide real-world experience to train future aircraft technicians at the college’s Aircraft Maintenance Technology Program.

Slovak Republic Minister of Education, Research, Development, and Youth Tomáš Drucker, left, and NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, shake hands during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the United States of America Georg Sparber delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of France to the United States Philippe Etienne delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Indian Ambassador Taranjit Sandhu, right, talks with NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, after having signed the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Willard InterContinental Hotel in Washington. India is the twenty seventh country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, second from right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Swiss Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin signs the Artemis Accords as NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and Swiss State Secretary Martina Hirayama, right, look on, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Peruvian Foreign Minister Javier González-Olaechea delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Associate Administrator for International and Interagency Relations Karen Feldstein, right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of Bulgaria to the United States Georgi Panayotov delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Thursday, Nov. 9, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Bulgaria is the 32nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of Ecuador to the United States Ivonne A-Baki, left, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, September 14, 2023, at the German Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Germany is the 29th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the United States of America Georg Sparber delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Swiss Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin signs the Artemis Accords, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, September 14, 2023, at the German Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Germany is the 29th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

The flags of the United States and Uruguay are seen during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, Feb. 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Uruguay is the 36th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Swiss Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin, right, shakes hands with NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, after signing the Artemis Accords, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

U.S. Department of State Deputy Assistant Secretary Sonata Coulter, right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony as Minister of Innovation and Growth for Bulgaria Milena Stoycheva looks on Thursday, Nov. 9, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Bulgaria is the 32nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and President of the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Dr. Philippe Baptiste sign the Artemis Accords and a Joint Statement Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the CNES 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Swiss State Secretary Martina Hirayama delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of Peru to the United States Alfredo Ferrero Diez Canseco delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

United States Department of State Acting Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

United States Department of State Acting Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn, right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

United States Department of State Acting Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Jennifer R. Littlejohn, right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Indian Ambassador Taranjit Sandhu gives remarks after having signed the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Willard InterContinental Hotel in Washington. India is the twenty seventh country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Chilean Minister of Science, Technology, Knowledge, and Innovation Aisén Etcheverry Escudero, second from left, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

National Space Council (NSpC) Executive Secretary Chirag Parikh delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Chiragh Parikh, executive secretary of the National Space Council, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Netherlands is the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Director of the Office for Communications of the Principality of Liechtenstein Dr. Rainer Schnepfleitner, left, signs the Artemis Accords Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ecuador Minister of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility Gustavo Manrique Miranda signs the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Slovak Republic Minister of Education, Research, Development, and Youth Tomáš Drucker delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Peruvian Foreign Minister Javier González-Olaechea signs the Artemis Accords as NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, and Ambassador of Peru to the United States Alfredo Ferrero Diez Canseco, left, look on, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Director of the Office for Communications of the Principality of Liechtenstein Dr. Rainer Schnepfleitner signs the Artemis Accords Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and President of the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Dr. Philippe Baptiste sign the Artemis Accords and a Joint Statement Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the CNES 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Indian Ambassador Taranjit Sandhu, signs the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Willard InterContinental Hotel in Washington. India is the 27th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Slovak Republic Minister of Education, Research, Development, and Youth Tomáš Drucker signs the Artemis Accords, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Harm van de Wetering, director of the Netherlands Space Office, center, signs the Artemis Accords as NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and Ambassador of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the United States Birgitta Tazelaar, right, look on, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Netherlands is the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Ecuador Minister of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility Gustavo Manrique Miranda signs the Artemis Accords, Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Swiss Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Director General of the German Space Agency at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) Walther Pelzer signs the Artemis Accords, Thursday, September 14, 2023, at the German Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Germany is the 29th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Minister of Innovation and Growth for Bulgaria Milena Stoycheva delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Thursday, Nov. 9, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Bulgaria is the 32nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

U.S. Department of State Director of the Office of Space Affairs Valda Vikmanis Keller, right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and Minister of Innovation and Growth for Bulgaria, Milena Stoycheva, shake hands following an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, Nov. 9, 2023, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Bulgaria is the 32nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Peruvian Foreign Minister Javier González-Olaechea delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Peru is the 41st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Harm van de Wetering, director of the Netherlands Space Office, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Netherlands is the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Harm van de Wetering, director of the Netherlands Space Office, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Netherlands is the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, second from right, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Uruguayan Foreign Minister Omar Pagani signs the Artemis Accords, Thursday, Feb. 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Uruguay is the 36th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Tuesday, June 7, 2022, prior to the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) 60th Anniversary event at the French Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. France is the twentieth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Slovak Republic Minister of Education, Research, Development, and Youth Tomáš Drucker signs the Artemis Accords as NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, right, and Ambassador of the Slovak Republic to the United States Radovan Javorcik, left, look on, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Director of the Office for Communications of the Principality of Liechtenstein Dr. Rainer Schnepfleitner delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ecuador Minster of Production, Foreign Trade, Investments and Fisheries Julio José Prado, left, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Wednesday, June 21, 2023, at the Embassy of Ecuador in Washington. Ecuador is the twenty sixth country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Director of the Office for Communications of the Principality of Liechtenstein Dr. Rainer Schnepfleitner delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Chilean Ambassador to the United States Juan Gabriel Valdés, left, delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Oct. 25, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Republic of Chile is the 47th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, left, and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Marco Sieber, right, meet prior to an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Monday, April 15, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Switzerland is the 37th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the United States of America Georg Sparber delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation and to the Principality of Liechtenstein Scott Miller delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony Friday, Dec. 20, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. The Principality of Liechtenstein is the 52nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program.Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, September 14, 2023, at the German Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Germany is the 29th country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)

Ambassador of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the United States Birgitta Tazelaar delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Wednesday, Nov. 1, 2023, at the Dutch Ambassador’s Residence in Washington. Netherlands is the 31st country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

United States Department of State Deputy Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs Sonata Coulter delivers remarks during an Artemis Accords signing ceremony, Thursday, May 30, 2024, at the Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters building in Washington. Slovakia is the 42nd country to sign the Artemis Accords, which establish a practical set of principles to guide space exploration cooperation among nations participating in NASA’s Artemis program. Photo Credit: (NASA/Keegan Barber)