
jsc2025e074496 (Dec. 12, 2024) --- Soyuz MS-28 crew members (from left) NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev pose for a portrait at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia. Credit: GCTC

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is seen after having been rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is prepared to be raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is prepared to be raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is seen after having been rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket service structure is raised, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is raised vertical, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at site 31 launch pad of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz MS-28 rocket sits ready for launch for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Expedition 74 crew members: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

iss073e1231962 (Dec. 2, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft is pictured docked to the Rassvet module as the International Space Station orbited 264 miles the midwestern United States. The Soyuz launched NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev to the orbital outpost on Nov. 27, 2025.

jsc2024e074733 (Nov. 13, 2025) --- The crew members launching aboard the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft in November pose for a photo after a training session at the Space Vehicle Mockup Facility at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. The trio will launch to the International Space Station and join Expedition 74. From left: Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergei Mikaev and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and NASA astronaut Chris Williams.

iss073e1196724 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 262 miles above the hot desert landscape of Western Sahara at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1196761 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 263 miles above the mountainous region in southern Morocco at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1196703 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 262 miles above the hot desert landscape of Western Sahara at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1196741 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris WIlliams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 263 miles above the mountainous region in southern Morocco at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1196772 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 263 miles above the mountainous region in southern Morocco at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1196695 (Nov. 27, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris WIlliams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station. Both spacecraft were orbiting 262 miles above the Atlantic coast of Western Sahara at the time of this photograph.

iss073e1197954 (Dec. 2, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev is pictured shortly after docking to the International Space Station's Rassvet module.

iss073e1197974 (Dec. 2, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station 263 miles above the Mediterranean Sea near the coast of Barcelona, Spain.

iss073e1197951 (Dec. 2, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station 263 miles above the Mediterranean Sea in between Spain and Morocco.

iss073e1197970 (Dec. 2, 2025) --- The Soyuz MS-28 crew spacecraft carrying NASA astronaut Chris Williams and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev approaches the International Space Station 263 miles above Morocco.

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

The Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 74 backup crew members: Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, left, and Anil Menon of NASA, are seen as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergei Mikaev, top, NASA astronaut Chris Williams, middle, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, wave farewell prior to boarding the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send the trio on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergei Mikaev, top, NASA astronaut Chris Williams, middle, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, wave farewell prior to boarding the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send the trio on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, right, arrive at the launch pad to board the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send the trio on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA astronaut Chris Williams, left, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov, and Sergei Mikaev, right, arrive at the launch pad to board the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft for launch, Thursday, Nov. 27, 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send the trio on a mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 74 backup crew members: Anil Menon of NASA, left, Petr Dubrov, and Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photograph as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 74 backup crew members: Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, left, Petr Dubrov of Roscosmos, and Anil Menon of NASA, right, watch as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 74 backup crew members: Anil Menon of NASA, Petr Dubrov and Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, watch as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Expedition 74 backup crew members: Anil Menon of NASA, left, Petr Dubrov, and Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, right, pose for a photograph as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train to the launch pad, Monday, Nov. 24, 2025, at Site 31 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 74 crewmembers: NASA astronaut Chris Williams, Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergey Mikaev are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft on November 27. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

jsc2025e074498 (Jan. 16, 2025) --- Roscosmos cosmonaut and Soyuz MS-28 Commander Sergey Kud-Sverchkov poses for a portrait in his Sokol launch and entry suit at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC

jsc2025e074497 (Jan. 16, 2025) --- NASA astronaut and Soyuz MS-28 Mission Specialist Chris Williams poses for a portrait in his Sokol launch and entry suit at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC

jsc2025e074499 (Jan. 16, 2025) --- Roscosmos cosmonaut and Soyuz MS-28 Flight Engineer Sergey Mikaev poses for a portrait in his Sokol launch and entry suit at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC

The Russian Sokol suit gloves of Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Rosprepares are seen on a table as he prepares to have his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

jsc2017e114474 (Aug. 28, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Expedition 53-54 crewmembers pose for pictures Aug. 28 during pre-launch training activities in front of their Soyuz MS-06 spacecraft. Joe Acaba of NASA (left), Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos (center) and Mark Vande Hei of NASA (right) will launch Sept. 13 on the Soyuz MS-06 for a five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Irina Peshkova

jsc2017e114476 (Aug. 28, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 53-54 crewmember Mark Vande Hei of NASA enters the Soyuz MS-06 spacecraft during pre-launch training activities Aug. 28. Vande Hei, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos and Joe Acaba of NASA will launch Sept. 13 on the Soyuz MS-06 for a five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Irina Peshkova

jsc2017e114475 (Aug. 28, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 53-54 crewmember Joe Acaba of NASA enters the Soyuz MS-06 spacecraft during pre-launch training activities Aug. 28. Acaba, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos and Mark Vande Hei of NASA will launch Sept. 13 on the Soyuz MS-06 for a five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center/Irina Peshkova

Flags representing the countries of the Soyuz MS-13 crew members are seen at the launch pad after the Soyuz rocket was rolled out by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, left, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, center, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), right, are seen after donning their Russian Sokol suits in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, and Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, right, speak with family and friends after having their Russian Sokol suits pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Morgan, Skvortsov, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, and Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, right, speaks with family as flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) has his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Morgan, Skvortsov, and Parmitano launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, left, and Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, right, speak with family and friends after having their Russian Sokol suits pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Morgan, Skvortsov, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov or Roscosmos prepares to have his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Andrew Morgan of NASA and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos has his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Andrew Morgan of NASA, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, left, has his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Andrew Morgan of NASA, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos is seen as his Russian Sokol suit is pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Drew of NASA, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos speaks with family after having his Russian Sokol suit pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Andrew Morgan of NASA, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos is escorted by Dmitry Rogozin, Director General of Roscosmos as he prepares to board the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft for launch, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Skvortsov, Andrew Morgan of NASA, and Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) launched aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 to begin their journey to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Expedition 60 flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano or ESA (European Space Agency) speak with Roscosmos, NASA, and ESA (European Space Agency) management after having their Russian Sokol suits pressure checked in preparation for launch aboard the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft, Saturday, July 20, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft with Skvortsov, Morgan, and Parmitano occurred at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) on July 20 beginning their mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Victor Zelentsov)

The Soyuz fairing is seen laying horizontal in front of the Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft as Expedition 64 Russian cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov of Roscosmos, and NASA astronaut Kate Rubins perform their fit checks, Monday, Sept. 28, 2020, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The trio are preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz MS-17 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on October 14, Baikonur time. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)

jsc2017e101955 (July 22, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft is lowered to a horizontal position to be encapsulated in the upper stage of a Soyuz booster July 21 in preparation for its launch. Expedition 52-53 crewmembers Sergey Ryazanskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency will launch July 28 on the Soyuz MS-05 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Roscosmos

iss053e235197 (Nov. 20, 2017) --- The Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft, which launched three Expedition 53 crew members to the International Space Station in July 28, 2017, is pictured docked to the Rassvet module. Soyuz Commander Sergey Ryazanskiy, Expedition 53 Commander Randy Bresnik and Flight Engineer Paolo Nespoli will return to Earth in the Soyuz MS-05 in mid-December.

jsc2017e101954 (July 22, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft is lowered to a horizontal position to be encapsulated in the upper stage of a Soyuz booster July 21 in preparation for its launch. Expedition 52-53 crewmembers Sergey Ryazanskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency will launch July 28 on the Soyuz MS-05 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Roscosmos

jsc2017e101957 (July 22, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft is encapsulated in the upper stage of a Soyuz booster July 21 in preparation for its launch. Expedition 52-53 crewmembers Sergey Ryazanskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency will launch July 28 on the Soyuz MS-05 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Roscosmos

jsc2017e101953 (July 22, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft stands poised to be encapsulated in the upper stage of a Soyuz booster July 21 in preparation for its launch. Expedition 52-53 crewmembers Sergey Ryazanskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency will launch July 28 on the Soyuz MS-05 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Roscosmos

jsc2017e101956 (July 22, 2017) --- In the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft is lowered to a horizontal position to be encapsulated in the upper stage of a Soyuz booster July 21 in preparation for its launch. Expedition 52-53 crewmembers Sergey Ryazanskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency will launch July 28 on the Soyuz MS-05 for a five-month mission on the International Space Station. Credit: Roscosmos

jsc2024e016951 (Feb. 28, 2024) --- Soyuz MS-25 crew member Tracy Dyson from NASA is pictured during crew qualification exams at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. Credit: GCTC/Roscosmos

iss065e431311 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured docked to the Rassvet module moments before beginning its relocation maneuver to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431610 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured docked to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module moments after completing its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module.

iss065e430927 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431662 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

jsc2024e066574 (Oct. 28, 2024) --- NASA astronaut and Soyuz MS-27 crew member Jonny Kim undergoes International Space Station Extravehicular Activity (EVA) maintenance training, or spacewalk training, at Jonson’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory.

iss065e431136 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431289 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured docked to the Rassvet module moments before beginning its relocation maneuver to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431621 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431591 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured docked to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module moments after completing its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module.

iss065e431179 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

iss065e431430 (Sept. 28, 2021) --- The Soyuz MS-18 spacecraft carrying three Expedition 65 crewmates is pictured during its relocation maneuver from the Rassvet module to the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module.

The Soyuz rocket is seen as it approaches the launch pad by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket is seen as it is rolled out to the launch pad by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Workers are seen as they prepare the Soyuz rocket to be raised into a vertical position at the launch pad, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Firefighters walk past the Soyuz rocket as the service structure arms are closed around it, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket is seen at the launch pad shortly after arriving by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

Launch Pad 1 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is seen in the distance as the Soyuz rocket is rolled out by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

In this black and white infrared image, the Soyuz rocket is seen as it transported to the launch pad by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time), on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket is see on the launch pad as the service structure arms are closed around it, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The Soyuz rocket is seen as it is transported to the launch pad by train, Thursday, July 18, 2019 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Expedition 60 Soyuz Commander Alexander Skvortsov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Andrew Morgan of NASA, and flight engineer Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency) are scheduled to launch aboard their Soyuz MS-13 spacecraft at 12:28 p.m. Eastern time (9:28 p.m. Baikonur time) , on Saturday, July 20. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)