STS054-S-020 (15 Jan 1993) --- McMonagle watches as a top spins above his head on the middeck of the Earth-orbiting Endeavour. The demonstration was part of a lengthy "physics of toys" program conducted by all five crewmembers on their third day aboard the Shuttle. Through telephone and TV downlinks, students in four schools around the country participated in a special lesson to discover how specific toys function differently in the classroom compared to those on the Shuttle. Students at Westwood Elementary School in Flint, Michigan -- McMonagle's hometown -- asked him questions about the several toys he demonstrated. The top demonstrates gyroscopic motion, the center of mass and angular momentum. The entire collection of toys will be videotaped for an educational program to be distributed to schools in the autumn. The scene was downlinked at 18:01:59:11 GMT, Jan. 15, 1993.
Astronaut Jeffrey A. Hoffman, one of four crewmembers for STS-61 that will conduct scheduled spacewalks during the flight, wears a special helmet and gloves designed to assist in proper positioning near the telescope while on the end of the robot arm. Crewmembers are utilizing a new virtual reality training aid which assists in refining positioning patterns for Space Shuttle Endeavour's Remote Manipulator System (RMS) (36890); Astronaut Claude Nicollier looks at a computer display of the Shuttle's robot arm movements as Thomas D. Akers and Kathryn C. Thornton, mission specialists look on. Nicollier will be responsible for maneuvering the astronauts while they stand in a foot restraint on the end of the RMS arm (36891,36894); Hoffman wears a special helmet and gloves designed to assist in proper positioning near the telescope while on the end of the robot arm (35892); Nicollier looks at a computer display of the Shuttle's robot arm movements as Akers looks on (36893); While (l-r) Astronauts Kenneth Bowersox, Kathryn Thornton, Richard O. Covey and Thomas D. Akers watch, Nicollier moves the Robot arm to desired locations in the Shuttle's payload bay using the Virtual Reality program (36895); Bowersox takes his turn maneuvering the RMS while mission specialist Hoffman, wearing the Virtual Reality helmet, follows his own progress on the end of the robot arm. Crewmembers participating during the training session are (l-r) Astronauts Akers, Hoffman, Bowersox, Nicollier, Covey, and Thornton. In the background, David Homan, an engineer in the JSC Engineering Directorate's Automation and Robotics Division, looks on (36896).
STS061-77-094 (7 Dec 1993) --- Astronaut Jeffrey A. Hoffman, anchored to the end of the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) arm, prepares to stow the Wide Field\Planetary Camera (WF\PC I) for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), during their extravehicular activity (EVA). Astronaut F. Story Musgrave, stationed at the stowage area at bottom of frame, assists. WF/PC II is in place on the HST.
STS056-08-018 (8-17 April 1993) --- Aboard Discovery, astronaut Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission specialist, records Earth imagery with the Hand-Held, Earth-Oriented, Real-Time, Cooperative, User-Friendly, Location-Targeting and Environmental System (HERCULES). HERCULES is a device that makes it simple for Shuttle crew members to take pictures of Earth, as they merely point a modified 35mm camera and shoot any interesting feature, whose latitude and longitude are automatically determined in real-time. The powder-box shaped attachment is the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for the system. The STS-56 crew downlinked a number of the still images during the flight, while others are likely to be stored on disc and returned to Earth with the crew.
STS054-S-060 (13 Jan 1993) --- The Space Shuttle Endeavour soars off the launch pad and heads toward Earth orbit with a crew of five and the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-F) aboard. Launch occurred at 8:59:30 a.m. (EST), January 13, 1993. Onboard were John H. Casper, mission commander, Donald R. McMonagle, pilot, Gregory J. Harbaugh, Mario Runco Jr., and Susan J. Helms, mission specialists.
STS054-72-056 (13-19 Jan 1993) --- A ship wake in the Bay of Bengal is noticeable in this 70mm frame. The sun glint pattern on the ocean reveals many patterns of sea surface roughness related to currents, waves, wind roughening, and biology that and are not apparent when the ocean is viewed away from the Sun's reflection. In this view of the Bay of Bengal, southeast of Madras, India, sun glint highlights convergence zones between ocean currents (bright, linear features), a eddy, and the wake of a ship. In several locations where the ship has passed areas of current shear, the ship wake is distorted, indicating the relative current direction.
Astronaut Jeffrey A. Hoffman, one of four crewmembers for STS-61 that will conduct scheduled spacewalks during the flight, wears a special helmet and gloves designed to assist in proper positioning near the telescope while on the end of the robot arm. Crewmembers are utilizing a new virtual reality training aid which assists in refining positioning patterns for Space Shuttle Endeavour's Remote Manipulator System (RMS) (36890); Astronaut Claude Nicollier looks at a computer display of the Shuttle's robot arm movements as Thomas D. Akers and Kathryn C. Thornton, mission specialists look on. Nicollier will be responsible for maneuvering the astronauts while they stand in a foot restraint on the end of the RMS arm (36891,36894); Hoffman wears a special helmet and gloves designed to assist in proper positioning near the telescope while on the end of the robot arm (35892); Nicollier looks at a computer display of the Shuttle's robot arm movements as Akers looks on (36893); While (l-r) Astronauts Kenneth Bowersox, Kathryn Thornton, Richard O. Covey and Thomas D. Akers watch, Nicollier moves the Robot arm to desired locations in the Shuttle's payload bay using the Virtual Reality program (36895); Bowersox takes his turn maneuvering the RMS while mission specialist Hoffman, wearing the Virtual Reality helmet, follows his own progress on the end of the robot arm. Crewmembers participating during the training session are (l-r) Astronauts Akers, Hoffman, Bowersox, Nicollier, Covey, and Thornton. In the background, David Homan, an engineer in the JSC Engineering Directorate's Automation and Robotics Division, looks on (36896).
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image of down link set up
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image shows Bob Hines, AMES scientist, operates TROV from AMES via telepresence
Lockheed Model 12 Airplane in Flight
STS061-38-014 (9 Dec 1993) --- Astronaut F. Story Musgrave gets assistance from astronaut Thomas D. Akers while suiting up for the final space walk on the eleven-day, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission. Musgrave joined astronaut Jeffrey A. Hoffman (out of frame) on three space walks, while Akers teamed with astronaut Kathryn D. Thornton for two.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo with students, Don James and Bob Hines.
STS058-S-002 (May 1993) --- Wearing training versions of their launch and entry garments, the seven crew members assigned to the Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-2) mission are pictured in the traditional pre-flight crew portrait. Left to right (front) are David A. Wolf, and Shannon W. Lucid, both mission specialists; Rhea Seddon, payload commander; and Richard A. Searfoss, pilot. Left to right (rear) are John E. Blaha, mission commander; William S. McArthur Jr., mission specialist; and payload specialist Martin J. Fettman, DVM.
STS054-S-016 (15 Jan 1993) --- Helms talks to a radio station from the flight deck of Endeavour while Runco, left, and Harbaugh look on in the background. The scene was recorded at 13:54:14:13 GMT, Jan. 15, 1993.
STS056-31-020 (8-17 April 1993) --- The five astronaut crew members assemble on the Space Shuttle Discovery's aft flight deck for the traditional inflight crew portrait. In front are astronauts Kenneth D. Cameron, mission commander; and C. Michael Foale, mission specialist. In back are (left to right) astronauts Ellen Ochoa, mission specialist; Stephen S. Oswald, pilot; and Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission specialist. The five went on to spend nine days in Earth-orbit in support of the Atlas-2 mission. A 35mm camera with a 20mm lens was used to expose this frame.
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo with students, Don James and Bob Hines.
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice coordinator
Astronaut Hoffman held the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field/Planetary Camera-1 (WF/PC1) that was replaced by WF/PC2 in the cargo bay of the Space Shuttle orbiter Endeavour during Extravehicular Activity (EVA). The STS-61 mission was the first of the series of the HST servicing missions. Two months after its deployment in space, scientists detected a 2-micron spherical aberration in the primary mirror of the HST that affected the telescope's ability to focus faint light sources into a precise point. This imperfection was very slight, one-fiftieth of the width of a human hair. During four spacewalks, the STS-61 crew replaced the solar panel with its flexing problems; the WF/PC1 with WF/PC2, with built-in corrective optics; and the High-Speed Photometer with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR) to correct the aberration for the remaining instruments. The purpose of the HST, the most complex and sensitive optical telescope ever made, is to study the cosmos from a low-Earth orbit for 15 years or more. The HST provides fine detail imaging, produces ultraviolet images and spectra, and detects very faint objects. The Marshall Space Flight Center had responsibility for design, development, and construction of the HST. The Perkin-Elmer Corporation, in Danbury, Cornecticut, developed the optical system and guidance sensors.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo with students, Don James and Bob Hines.
HEAT (High-Lift Engine Aeroacoustics Technology) Model test-596 in 40x80ft w.t.
STS061-S-002 (1 Oct. 1993) --- These seven NASA astronauts are currently in training for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission, scheduled for later this year. Astronaut Richard O. Covey, mission commander, is standing at left, with astronaut Kenneth D. Bowersox, pilot, seated at left. The five mission specialists for the mission are (left to right, seated) astronauts Kathryn C. Thornton and F. Story Musgrave, and the European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Claude Nicollier; and (left to right, standing), astronauts Jeffrey A. Hoffman and Thomas D. Akers. Musgrave, Akers, Thornton and Hoffman are all assigned to participate in five total sessions of extravehicular activity (EVA) for the servicing tasks.
STS058-88-017 (18 Oct-1 Nov 1993) --- The eye-catching "bullseye" of the Richat Structure adds interest to the barren Gres de Chinguetti Plateau in central Mauretania, northwest Africa. It represents domally uplifted, layered (sedimentary) rocks that have been eroded by water and wind into the present shape. Desert sands have invaded the feature from the south. The origin of the structure is unknown. It is not an impact structure, because field work showed that strata are undisturbed and flat-lying in the middle of the feature, and no shock-altered rock could be found. There is no evidence for a salt dome or shale diapir, nor is there any geophysical evidence for an underlying dome of dense igneous rock having about the same density as the sedimentary layers.
STS055-26-023 (26 April-6 May 1993) --- Lightning and man-made lights on Earth can be seen in this fast speed, 35mm frame photographed by a STS-55 crew member in the Space Shuttle Columbia's cabin. The cluster of lights near frame center is believed to be from Mexico City. Onboard the spacecraft were astronauts Steven R. Nagel, Terence T. (Tom) Henricks, Jerry L. Ross, Bernard A. Harris Jr. and Charles J. Precourt, along with German payload specialists Hans Schlegel and Ulrich Walter.
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice-image during demo with students operating TROV
The development of the electric space actuator represents an unusual case of space technology transfer wherein the product was commercialized before it was used for the intended space purpose. MOOG, which supplies the thrust vector control hydraulic actuators for the Space Shuttle and brake actuators for the Space Orbiter, initiated development of electric actuators for aerospace and industrial use in the early 1980s. NASA used the technology to develop an electric replacement for the Space Shuttle main engine TVC actuator. An electric actuator is used to take passengers on a realistic flight to Jupiter at the US Space and Rocket Center, Huntsville, Alabama.
Astronauts Jeffrey A. Hoffman (far left) and F. Story Musgrave (second left) monitor a training session from consoles in the control room for the Neutral Buoyancy Simulator (NBS) at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Seen underwater in the NBS on the big screen and the monitors at the consoles is astronaut Thomas D. Akers. The three mission specialists, along with astronaut Kathryn C. Thornton, are scheduled to be involved in a total of five sessions of extravehicular activity (EVA) to service the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in orbit during the STS-61 mission, scheduled for December 1993.
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL)
STS051-71-054 (12 Sept 1993) --- The Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) with its Transfer Orbit Stage (TOS) is backdropped over the blue ocean following its release from the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery. ACTS/TOS deploy was the first major task performed on the almost ten-day mission. The frame was exposed with a 70mm handheld Hasselblad camera from Discovery's flight deck.
STS055-S-052 (26 April 1993) --- A wide shot shows the STS-55 launch at the Kennedy Space Center. Carrying an international crew of seven and a science laboratory, the Space Shuttle Columbia was on its way for a nine-day Earth-orbital mission in support of the Spacelab D-2 mission. Onboard were astronauts Steven R. Nagel, mission commander; Terence T. (Tom) Henricks, pilot; Jerry L. Ross, payload commander; Charles J. Precourt and Bernard A. Harris Jr., mission specialists; along with German payload specialists Hans Schlegel and Ulrich Walter. Liftoff occurred at 10:50 a.m. (EDT), April 26, 1993.
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18A Hornet cockpit drawing
STS058-S-001 (May 1993) --- Designed by members of the flight crew, the STS-58 insignia depicts the space shuttle Columbia with a Spacelab module in its payload bay in orbit around Earth. The Spacelab and the lettering "Spacelab Life Sciences II" highlight the primary mission of the second space shuttle flight dedicated to life sciences research. An Extended Duration Orbiter (EDO) support pallet is shown in the aft payload bay, stressing the scheduled two-week duration of the longest space shuttle mission to date. The hexagonal shape of the patch depicts the carbon ring, a molecule common to all living organisms. Encircling the inner border of the patch is the double helix of DNA, representing the genetic basis of life. Its yellow background represents the sun, energy source for all life on Earth. Both medical and veterinary caducei are shown to represent the STS-58 life sciences experiments. The position of the spacecraft in orbit about Earth with the United States in the background symbolizes the ongoing support of the American people for scientific research intended to benefit all mankind. The NASA insignia design for space shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the form of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which we do not anticipate, it will be publicly announced. Photo credit: NASA
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image of down link set up
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice-image during demo with students operating TROV
Flight controller Susan P. Rainwater observes as two astronauts work through a lengthy period of extravehicular activity (EVA) in the cargo bay of the Earth-looking Space Shuttle Endeavour. Rainwater's EVA console was one of Mission Control's busiest during this eleven-day Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission in Earth orbit.
STS061-65-009 (2-13 Dec 1993) --- Astronaut Jeffrey A. Hoffman is reflected in the helmet visor of F. Story Musgrave as he photographs the veteran astronaut during one of the pair's three-shared extravehicular activity?s (EVA).
S93-45723 (7 October 1993) --- Canadian astronaut candidate Marc Garneau, later named as a mission specialist for NASA's STS-77 mission-representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), participates in emergency bailout training at the Johnson Space Center (JSC). Garneau was in the 1992 class of Astronaut Candidates (ASCAN). Wearing full parachute gear, Garneau is suspended above a 25-feet deep pool in JSC's Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F). This portion of an astronaut's training is to prepare them for proper measures to take in the event of bailout over water.
STS058-081-038 (18 Oct-1 Nov 1993) --- Fall colors in the northeast were captured by the STS-58 crew members. Long Island and the lower Hudson River dominate this scene, taken on a clear October day at the peak of the colorful fall foliage season. The maples and oaks of the Hudson Highlands are particularly striking, and contrast with the many lakes and reservoirs north of the city. The New York metropolitan area in New York and New Jersey (including Jersey City and Newark) is easily seen in the foreground. Manhattan Island sits near the middle of the scene, but Central Park foliage is still fairly green. West Point can be seen near the upper right, on the west-pointing bend of the Hudson, and the Catskills are in the far upper left.
C-141 (NASA-714) in flight
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image of Bob Hines controlling the TROV
S93-43856 (7 Ssept 1993) --- Navigating a one person life raft, Jay C. Buckey, M.D., participates in emergency bailout training in the Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F). Dr. Buckey has been assigned as an alternate payload specialist for the Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-2) mission scheduled for next month. Nearby is a SCUBA-equipped diver who assisted in the training exercises.
STS-61 astronauts practice installing the corrective optics module on a Hubble Space Telescope mockup in Marshall Space Flight Center's Neutral Buoyancy Simulator. Test activities for STS-61 were carried out at Marshall from June 21, 1993 through July 2, 1993 and again in October 1993.
Life Sciences Division (code SL) laboratories and personnel: Dan Gundo
S61-E-001 (4 Dec 1993) --- This medium close-up view of the top portion of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was photographed with an Electronic Still Camera (ESC), and down linked to ground controllers soon afterward. Endeavour's crew captured the HST on December 4, 1993 in order to service the telescope over a period of five days. Four of the crew members will work in alternating pairs outside Endeavour's shirt sleeve environment to service the giant telescope. Electronic still photography is a relatively new technology which provides the means for a handheld camera to electronically capture and digitize an image with resolution approaching film quality. The electronic still camera has flown as an experiment on several other shuttle missions.
NASA Dryden flight test engineer Marta Bohn-Meyer is suited up for a research flight in the F-16XL laminar-flow control experiment in this 1993 photo.
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL)
Computer generated scenes depicting the Hubble Space Telescope capture and a sequence of planned events on the planned extravehicular activity (EVA). Scenes include the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) arm assisting two astronauts changing out the Wide Field/Planetary Camera (WF/PC) (48699); RMS arm assisting in the temporary mating of the orbiting telescope to the flight support system in Endeavour's cargo bay (48700); Endeavour's RMS arm assisting in the "capture" of the orbiting telescope (48701); Two astronauts changing out the telescope's coprocessor (48702); RMS arm assistign two astronauts replacing one of the telescope's electronic control units (48703); RMS assisting two astronauts replacing the fuse plugs on the telescope's Power Distribution Unit (PDU) (48704); The telescope's High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS) kit is depicted in this scene (48705); Two astronauts during the removal of the high speed photometer and the installation of the COSTAR instrument (48706); Two astronauts, standing on the RMS, during installation of one of the Magnetic Sensing System (MSS) (48707); High angle view of the orbiting Space Shuttle Endeavour with its cargo bay doors open, revealing the bay's pre-capture configuration. Seen are, from the left, the Solar Array Carrier, the ORU Carrier and the flight support system (48708); Two astronauts performing the replacement of HST's Rate Sensor Units (RSU) (48709); The RMS arm assisting two astronauts with the replacement of the telescope's solar array panels (48710); Two astronauts replacing the telescope's Solar Array Drive Electronics (SADE) (48711).
STS054-S-100 (19 Jan 1993) --- The drag chute is fully deployed as the Space Shuttle Endeavour rolls toward wheelstop at KSC's Shuttle landing facility. Landing occurred at 8:38 a.m. (EST), Jan. 19, 1993. Onboard for the six-day mission were astronauts John H. Casper, mission commander, Donald R. McMonagle, pilot, Gregory J. Harbaugh, Mario Runco Jr. and Susan J. Helms, mission specialists.
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image of Eric James, Ron Schutz, and Wade Sisler
STS057-S-082 (1 July 1993) --- The drag chute on the Space Shuttle Endeavour is fully deployed in this scene on Runway 33 (KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility) as the spacecraft successfully completes a ten-day mission in Earth orbit. Official mission duration was nine days, twenty-three hours, forty-four minutes and fifty-five seconds. Main gear touchdown occurred at 8:52:16 (EDT), July 1, 1993. Onboard Endeavour for the landing were six NASA astronauts and the European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA) spacecraft. Crewmembers were astronauts Ronald J. Grabe, Brian Duffy, G. David Low, Nancy J. Sherlock, Peter J. K. (Jeff) Wisoff and Janice E. Voss.
S93-33258 (15 Mar 1993) --- An optical schematic diagram of one of the four channels of the Wide Field\Planetary Camera-2 (WF\PC-2) shows the path taken by beams from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) before an image is formed at the camera's charge-coupled devices. A team of NASA astronauts will pay a visit to the HST later this year, carrying with them the new WF/PC-2 to replace the one currently on the HST. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California has been working on the replacement system for several months. See NASA photo S93-33257 for a close-up view of tiny articulating mirrors designed to realign incoming light in order to make certain the beams fall precisely in the middle of the secondary mirrors.
STS054-152-189 (13-19 Jan. 1993) --- This near-vertical color photograph shows the very diverse landscape that is part of the great Sahara Desert of north Africa. Specifically, the vast expanse of sand dunes, located in the extreme southwestern corner of Libya, is known as the Murzuk Sand Sea. Close inspection of this photograph shows the agricultural village of Murzuk as evidenced by the numerous center pivot irrigation patterns at the edge of the Murzuk Sand Sea. The very rugged, dissected terrain to the west of this sand sea is the eastern tip of the Tassili N'ajjer Mountains and the Tadrart Plateau that are in neighboring Algeria. Several smaller areas of sand dunes are interspersed between the major areas of rock outcrops. The photograph was taken with a Linhof camera.
STS58-S-126 (1 Nov 1993) --- The Space Shuttle Columbia is about to touch down on the runway at Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB) in California. The landing, which occurred at 7:06 a.m. (PST), November 1, 1993, completed a two week mission in space devoted to medical research. Onboard the spacecraft were astronauts John E. Blaha, Richard A. Searfoss, Rhea Seddon, Shannon W. Lucid, David A. Wolf and William S. McArthur along with payload specialist Martin J. Fettman, DVM.
Boeing 314 Engineers Instrument Panel
S93-50720 (22 Dec 1993) --- Astronaut Kevin P. Chilton, pilot, takes a break during emergency bailout training at the Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F). Chilton and five other NASA astronauts are scheduled to fly aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour next year.
S93-33103 (2 Apr 1993) --- Wearing training versions of Space Shuttle Extravehicular Mobility Units (EMU), astronauts F. Story Musgrave and Jeffrey A. Hoffman use the giant pool of the Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F) to rehearse for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) repair mission. The two are working with a full-scale training version of the Wide Field/Planetary Camera (WF/PC). The current WF/PC will be replaced with WF/PC-2. A total of five extravehicular activity (EVA) sessions will be conducted during the scheduled December mission of the Endeavour.
STS058-73-009 (18 Oct-1 Nov 1993) --- Atlantic water flowing with the tide through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean generates internal waves as depicted in this photo. The incoming cool, less dense Atlantic water flows over the warm, more saline Mediterranean water. As the tide moves into the Strait of Gibraltar it encounters the Camarinal Sill, which is like a cliff under water, south of Camarinal Point, Spain. Internal waves are generated at the Sill and travel along the density boundary between the Atlantic water and the Mediterranean water. Internal waves have very little effect on the sea surface, except for gentle slopes and slight differences in roughness. We can see them in the Space Shuttle photos because of sunglint which reflects off the water. Internal waves smooth out some of the capillary waves at the surface in bands. The sun reflects more brightly from these smooth areas showing us the pattern of the underwater waves. The Bay of Cadiz on the southwest coast of Spain, the Rock of Gibraltar, and the Moroccan coast are also visible in this photo.
STS054-S-023 (15 Jan 1993) --- Casper holds up a paper boomerang before sailing it across Endeavour's middeck. The demonstration was part of a lengthy "physics of toys" program conducted by all five crewmembers on their third day aboard the Shuttle. Through telephone and TV downlinks, students in four schools around the country participated in a special lesson to discover how specific toys function differently in the classroom compared to those on the Shuttle. The boomerang was used to demonstrate Bernouli's principle and gyroscopic stability. The entire collection of toys will be videotaped for an educational program to be distributed to schools in the autumn. The scene was downlinked at 18:11:04:26 GMT, Jan. 15, 1993.
S93-45365 (29 Sept 1993) --- Payload specialist Martin J. Fettman, in an oscillating sled device in upper left, participates in a data collection project for neurovestibular functions. His responses to the sled's movements are recorded by a team of monitors in the foreground. The seven Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-2) crew members devoted a full day to miscellaneous biomedical data collection in preparation for next month's two week mission aboard Columbia.
S93-45375 (29 Sept 1993) --- Astronaut David A. Wolf, STS-58 mission specialist, has blood drawn from his leg for volume measuring. The blood draw was part of the cardiovascular function data collection in preparation for the Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS-2) mission. The seven Spacelab Life Sciences crewmembers devoted a full day to miscellaneous biomedical data collection in preparation for next month's two week mission aboard Columbia.
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST), backdropped over Madagascar, is berthed in Endeavour's cargo bay following its capture for repair by the STS-61 astronauts.
STS058-14-006 (18 Oct- 1 Nov 1993) --- Astronaut Richard A. Searfoss, pilot, participates in an experiment that measures the effects of space flight on pilot proficiency. Astronauts Searfoss (seen here at the pilot's station) and John E. Blaha, mission commander, are conducting the first tests of the Portable Inflight Landing Operations Trainer (PILOT). STS-58 is the first of six scheduled test flights of PILOT designed to determine its effectiveness as a training tool.
STS056-90-034 (8-17 April 1993) --- Backdropped against heavy cloud cover over the Mediterranean Sea, the SPARTAN-201 satellite was captured on 70mm by crewmembers aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. SPARTAN is a free-flying payload designed to study the solar wind and part of the sun's corona. The project was conceived in the late 1970s to take advantage of the opportunity offered by the Space Shuttle to provide more observation time for the increasingly more sophisticated experiments than the five to ten minutes provided by sounding rocket flights. On the mission's third day, Astronaut Ellen Ochoa, Mission Specialist, used the remote manipulator system (RMS) to lift the satellite from its support structure on Discovery and release it in space. The reusable craft was later recaptured and returned to Earth with the crew. Note the tip of Discovery's vertical stabilizer at frame's edge.
STS055-233-019 (26 April-6 May 1993) --- Terence T. (Tom) Henricks, STS-55 pilot, wears a special collar for a space adaptation experiment in the science module onboard the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Columbia. The Baroreflex (BA) experiment is designed to investigate the theory that light-headedness and a reduction in blood pressures upon standing after landing may arise because the normal reflex system regulating blood pressure behaves differently after having adapted to a microgravity environment. These space-based measurements of the baroreflex will be compared to ground measurements to determine if microgravity affects the reflex.
STS056-151-257 (8-17 April 1993) --- The Atlas-2 payloads are featured in this cargo bay scene aboard Discovery, backdropped against an oblique view of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Shuttle was in an atmospheric monitoring attitude. The supportive Igloo structure is partially visible in the foreground. The canisters for the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBU) experiment are just out of frame on the starboard side of the bay. Between the ATLAS-2 experiment pallet and the aft firewall of the payload bay is the SPARTAN-201 satellite, which was later released from the cargo bay into a free-flying period and returned to its stowage area for return to Earth. Also visible in frame are the MAS Antenna, Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor, SOLCON, SOLSPEC and SUSIM.
STS054-02-008 (13-19 Jan. 1993) --- The traditional inflight crew portrait has, (clockwise), Susan J. Helms, Mario Runco Jr., both mission specialists, John H. Casper, mission commander, Donald R. McMonagle, pilot, and Gregory J. Harbaugh, mission specialist. This frame was taken with a 35mm camera aboard the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Endeavour during the six-day mission.
STS054-71-077 (13 Jan 1993) --- The Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) quickly moves away from the Space Shuttle Endeavour following deployment on the first day of the six-day mission. Onboard NASA's newest Shuttle for the six-day mission are astronauts John H. Casper, mission commander; Donald R. McMonagle, pilot; and Mario Runco Jr., Gregory J. Harbaugh and Susan J. Helms, mission specialists. The photograph was taken with a 70mm camera.
Dirigible returns to Moffett as people watch (1933)
N-257 MVSRF, Boeing 747 simulator; 747-400 cab exterior.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo with students, Don James and Bob Hines.
MB-3A Airplane
S61-E-017 (6 Dec 1993) --- Astronaut F. Story Musgrave uses one of the handrails on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) during the second of his three sessions of STS-61 extravehicular activity (EVA-3). Astronauts Musgrave and Jeffrey A. Hoffman used this particular EVA to change out the Wide Field/Planetary Camera (WF/PC) and two magnetometers (also known as magnetic sensing systems). The photo was recorded with the Electronic Still Camera (ESC) inside Endeavour's cabin. Electronic still photography is a relatively new technology which provides the means for a handheld camera to electronically capture and digitize an image with resolution approaching film quality. The electronic still camera has flown as an experiment on several other shuttle missions.
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL)
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The Space Shuttle Columbia climbs a golden tower into a royal blue sky dusted with clouds. The 58th Shuttle flight lifted off from Launch Pad 39B at 10:53:10 a.m. EDT, beginning the longest mission planned in Shuttle program history: two weeks. The Extended Duration Orbiter STS-58 mission will allow the seven-member crew to delve extensively into a number of experiments investigating the adaptation of the human body to space. Spacelab Llife Sciences-2 is the second Spacelab mission dedicated solely to life sciences research.
Life Sciences Division (code SL) laboratories and personnel: Philippe Stassart
Joseph Fanelli, at the Integrated Communications Officer console, monitors the televised activity of Astronauts Story Musgrave and Jeffrey A. Hoffman. The vetern astronauts were performing the first extravehicular activity (EVA-1) of the STS-61 Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission.
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18A Hornet cockpit drawing
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - Donald James speaks to on site & virtual students
S93-26392 (26 Jan. 1993) --- Astronaut Robert D. Cabana, pilot.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image shows Eric James during video setup
S93-31929 (24 March 1993) --- The three mission specialists for NASA's STS-51 mission watch as a crewmate (out of frame) simulates a parachute jump into water during emergency bailout training exercises at the Johnson Space Center's Weightless Environment Training Facility (WET-F). Left to right are astronauts Daniel W. Bursch, Carl E. Walz and James H. Newman. Out of frame are astronauts Frank L. Culbertson and William F. Readdy, commander and pilot, respectively.
STS054-74-049 (13-19 Jan. 1993) --- St. Croix is the largest, and most industrial of the U.S. Virgin Islands. This photograph captures St. Croix's features in great detail. The large industrial complex in the middle of the southern shore is the world's largest petroleum refinery. The main city, Christiansted, can be seen across the island on the north shore. The reefs around the eastern end of St. Croix are preserved as a submarine national park -- Buck Island Reef National Park -- around the small island off the north shore of the eastern end of St. Croix.
The SELENE Optics project was designed to send powerful laser beams into space to repower satellites and to recharge their batteries, as well as sending laser beams to the moon for the same purpose instead of relying on solar power. This project also was intended to be used for repowering extended space flights.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo Ames reseacher Bob Hine leads students operating TROV
STS057-39-021 (21 June-1 July 1993) --- Astronaut Peter J. K. (Jeff) Wisoff, mission specialist, monitors the Fluid Acquisition and Resupply Experiment (FARE II), housed in four middeck lockers onboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour. The successor to FARE I (STS 53, 1992), FARE II was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a device to alleviate the problems associated with vapor-free liquid transfer.
S93-38679 (20 July 1993) --- Wearing a training version of the partial pressure launch and entry garment, astronaut William S. McArthur listens to a briefing on emergency egress procedures for the STS-58 mission. McArthur, along with five other NASA astronauts and a visiting payload specialist assigned to the seven member crew, later rehearsed contingency evacuation procedures. Most of the training session took place in the crew compartment and full fuselage trainers of the Space Shuttle mockup and integration laboratory.
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL) Li-Chun Wu and Merylee Corcoran
Astronaut Thomas D. Akers gets assistance in donning a training version of the Shuttle extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suit prior to a training session in the Neutral Buoyancy Simulator at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) (39735); Astronaut Kathryn C. Thornton (foreground) and Thomas Akers, STS-61 mission specialists scheduled for extravehicular activity (EVA) duty, prepare for an underwater rehearsal session. Thornton recieves assistance from a technician in donning her EMU gloves (39736).
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL) Nancy Daunton
The darkness of space forms the backdrop for this extravehicular activity (EVA) scene captured by one of the STS-57 crewmembers in Endeavour's, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105's, crew cabin. Pictured near the recently "captured" European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA) at frame center is Mission Specialist (MS) and Payload Commander (PLC) G. David Low. Suited in an extravehicular mobility unit (EMU), Low, anchored to the remote manipulator system (RMS) via a portable foot restraint (PFR) (manipulator foot restraint (MFR)), is conducting Detailed Test Objective (DTO) 1210 procedures. Specifically, this activity will assist in refining several procedures being developed to service the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) on mission STS-61 in December 1993. The PFR is attached to the RMS end effector via a PFR attachment device (PAD). Partially visible in the foreground is the Superfluid Helium Onorbit Transfer (SHOOT) payload.
Bell Helicopter 222 Instrument Panel
Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice-image during demo with students operating TROV
STS051-02-007 (12-22 Sept 1993) --- Astronaut Frank L. Culbertson Jr., STS-51 mission commander, appears to be enjoying a session on the ergometer, temporarily deployed on Discovery's middeck. Culbertson was joined by four other NASA astronauts for almost ten full days in Earth orbit.
Life Sceince Division Facilities, Labs and Personnel (Code-SL) Merylee Corcoran
STS057-S-055 (21 June 1993) --- Framed by a variety of flora types, the Space Shuttle Endeavour lifts off Launch Pad 39B to begin the STS-57 mission. Launch occurred at 9:07:22 a.m. (EDT), June 21, 1993. The mission represents the first flight of the commercially developed SPACEHAB laboratory module and also will feature a retrieval of the European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA). Onboard for Endeavour's fourth flight are a crew of six - Ronald J. Grabe, mission commander; Brian Duffy, pilot; G. David Low, payload commander; and Nancy J. Sherlock, Peter J.K. (Jeff) Wisoff and Janice E. Voss, all mission specialists. An earlier launch attempt was scrubbed due to unacceptable weather conditions both at KSC and the overseas contingency landing sites.
Astronauts Charles F. Bolden Jr. (left) and Kenneth S. Reightler, commander and pilot, respectively, for the STS-60 mission, take a break during rehearsal for some of their flight duties near the crew compartment trainer in JSC's Shuttle mock-up and integration laboratory (50648); Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev, mission specialist for STS-60, gets assistance with his launch and entry suit from Lockheed's Max Kandloer during a training session. Others pictured, left to right, are Astronauts Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, Ronald M. Sega and N. Jan Davis (50649); Astronaut Kenneth S. Reightler, pilot for STS-60, gets assistance with his launch and entry suit (LES) from Boeing's William Todd during a training session (50650).
HEAT Project (High-Lift Engine Aeroacustics Technology) model assembly
STS054-151-150 (13-19 Jan 1993) --- View west into sun glint off the Rio Salado, Saladillo, and Parana Rivers in Argentina. The Space Shuttle nadir is about 28 degrees north latitude and 57 degrees west longitude. The Andes Mountains are barely visible on Earth's limb. Thunderstorms along the eastern edge of the Andes are typical of this time of year (Southern Hemisphere summer), with anvils moving to the east from the core of the storm.
'Life from other Worlds' with McNair Middle School TROV robot explores under Antarctic ice - image during demo with students, Don James and Bob Hines.
STS-56 Earth observation taken aboard Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, is of the Strait of Gibraltar. A small bank of clouds marks the passage between Spain and Morocco at the western edge of the Mediterranean Sea. This passage, one of the two Pilars of Hercules of the Ancient Greeks, is now known as the Strait of Gibraltar. The cities of Cadiz on the Atlantic Coast of Spain and Malaga on the Mediterranean coast, as well as Tangier, Morocco (facing the strait), can be seen. According to NASA scientists studying the STS-56 photos, a subtle difference in the water color on the Atlantic side suggests that a pulse of surface water had recently flowed out of the Mediterranean into the Atlantic.
S61-E-011 (5 Dec 1993) --- This view of astronaut Kathryn C. Thornton working on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was photographed with an Electronic Still Camera (ESC), and down linked to ground controllers soon afterward. Thornton, anchored to the end of the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) arm, is installing the +V2 Solar Array Panel as a replacement for the original one removed earlier. Electronic still photography is a relatively new technology which provides the means for a handheld camera to electronically capture and digitize an image with resolution approaching film quality. The electronic still camera has flown as an experiment on several other shuttle missions.